2013-2014年度季节性流行性感冒疫苗对儿童保护效果的病例对照研究

目的 评价2013-2014年度季节性流行性感冒疫苗（流感疫苗）对6~59月龄儿童的保护效果。方法 选择2013-2014年度6~59月龄的实验室诊断流感病例为病例组，在广州市免疫规划系统中随机选择健康儿童为对照组，进行成组病例对照研究，采用非条件Logistic回归计算保护效果。结果 本研究共纳入2 690名研究对象。2013-2014年度，流感疫苗对6~59月龄儿童的保护效果为42.3%（95% CI:27.8%~53.8%），对36~59月龄儿童的保护效果高于6~35月龄儿童，完全免疫的保护效果高于部分免疫，性别间保护效果无统计学差异。结论 流感疫苗对6~59月龄儿童具有中等保护效果，建议6~59月龄儿童每年接种流感疫苗。

A case-control study of effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in children in 2013-2014

Objective To estimate the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in 2013-2014.Methods A category matching case-control study was conducted among children aged 6 to 59 months.The laboratory confirmed influenza cases were randomly selected from surveillance sites in Guangzhou during the study period.The healthy controls were randomly selected from children aged 6 to 59 months in the children's expanded programmed immunization administrative computerized system.Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was analyzed by unconditional Logistic regression.Results 2 690 subjects were collected in our study.We found that the VE for vaccination in 2013-2014 for children aged 6 to 59 months was 42.3％ (95％ CI:27.8％-53.8％).Full vaccination provided more protection than partial vaccination.Conclusions This post-licensing study of VE found moderate protection against influenza for vaccinated children aged 6 to 59 months.Annual and full vaccination should be encouraged in children.