银川市儿童监护人脊灰疫苗知晓率及其影响因素分析

目的 了解银川市儿童监护人脊灰疫苗知晓率及影响因素，加强疫苗相关知识的普及，防止和减少疫苗相关脊髓灰质炎麻痹型病例（voice activity and participation profile，VAPP），维护儿童身体健康，推动扩大国家免疫规划工作深入开展。方法 在银川市随机抽取12个社区，利用社区计划免疫接种日，以随机拦截的方式，对1 164名儿童监护人进行脊灰疫苗预防接种知识问卷调查。结果 儿童监护人知道脊灰疫苗（糖丸和针剂脊灰疫苗）598人，知晓率为51.4%。单因素分析结果显示:儿童监护人脊灰疫苗知晓率与儿童关系、监护人年龄、文化程度、职业、家庭子女数、本地居住时间、家庭月收入有关。二分类非条件Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示:儿童监护人脊灰疫苗知晓率与儿童关系、监护人年龄、文化程度及家庭子女数有关。结论 在今后工作中要将宣传重点放在疫苗相关知识上，在加强宣传的同时，根据不同人群需求积极调整宣传教育的方式，调动儿童监护人学习脊灰疫苗相关知识的积极性，强化预防接种知识的普及。

Analysis on the awareness rate of Poliomyelitis vaccine and influential factors among guardians of children in Yinchuan City

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of Poliomyelitis vaccine among children guardians in Yinchuan as well as its influential factors, so as to provide basis for promoting the popularization of vaccine-related knowledge, avoiding VAPP, maintaining children's health and impelling National Expanded Program on Immunization. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 164 children's parents who were randomly collected in vaccination clinic of Yinchuan. Results The 598 guardians of children knew well about Poliomyelitis vaccine and the awareness rate was 51.4%. The single factor analysis results showed that relationship with children, age, educational level, occupation, the number of family children, residence time and the monthly income of family were the significant factors. Unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate was associated with age, relationship with children, educational level and the number of family children. Conclusions More attention to vaccine related knowledge should be paid to enhance public awareness and education in the future. Adjusting education approaches according to the requirements of different people should be performed to improve the motivation of parents and strengthen the popularization of vaccination knowledge.