30岁以上继发孔房间隔缺损患者的外科治疗

目的　总结 30岁以上继发孔房间隔缺损 (房缺 )患者的外科治疗经验。方法　从 1978年 12月至 2 0 0 2年 12月共手术治疗 30岁以上的继发孔房缺患者 4 6 9例 ,其中男 14 4例、女 32 5例 ,年龄 30～ 6 8岁 ,平均 38 6岁 ,肺动脉高压 10 5例 ,心律失常 4 5 8例。所有患者均行房缺修复术 ,补片修复缺损者 35 8例 (其中自体心包补片 30 5例 )。 2 5例术后肺动脉高压患者持续吸入低浓度 ( 6× 10 -6)一氧化氮。 5例房颤患者同期行右侧迷宫术。结果　死亡 3例 ( 0 6 % )。术后心律失常 180例 ,左心功能不全 2 7例 ,低心排出量综合征 2 8例 ,再次开胸止血 12例 ,空气栓塞 1例。 2 5例术后持续吸入低浓度一氧化氮患者平均肺动脉压下降 2 8 5 %。 5例同期行右侧迷宫术患者 ,术后房颤消失。随访35 2例 ,随访时间 3个月～ 2 0年 (平均 5 6年 ) ,心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级者 2 9例 ,其余患者心功能均正常。结论　成人房缺应尽早手术 ;采用补片修补时自体心包为首选 ;应用吸入一氧化氮疗法治疗术后肺动脉高压效果良好 ;合并房颤的房缺修补术应同期行迷宫手术 ;术中、术后注意防治心律失常及进行左心功能的保护和支持

Surgical treatment of secundum atrial septal defects in adults over 30 years old

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of secundum atrial septal defects in adults over 30 years old. METHODS: There were 469 patients with secundum atrial septal defects in our study (male 144, female 325; ages 30-68, mean 38.6 years old). There were 105 cases with pulmonary hypertension and 458 cases with arrhythmia in the group. Surgical closure of defects were performed in all patients. Surgical closure of 358 cases were done by patches including 305 autologous pericardial patches. The low dose (6 x 10(-6)) nitric oxide inhalation was used in 25 postoperative patients with pulmonary hypertension. Right sided maze procedures were done in 5 cases with atrial fibrillation. RESULTS: Surgical mortality was 0.6% (3 cases), the others were healed. In the group, there were 180 cases with arrhythmia, 27 cases with left ventricular function amyoplasia, 28 cases with low cardiac output syndrome, 12 cases in secondary operation for bleeding and 1 case with air-embolism. The level of mean pulmonary artery pressure of 25 postoperative patients with pulmonary hypertension inhaled nitric oxide was down 28.5%. After right sided maze procedures were done in 5 cases with atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation disappeared. 352 cases were followed up from 3 months to 20 years (mean 5.6 years). Twenty-nine cases were in class I-II of cardiac function, and the others were better than class I of cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS: Atrial septal defects in adult should be operated as early as possible. When patch is needed, an autologous pericardial patch is the first selection. Inhaled nitric oxide is an effective method to postoperative pulmonary hypertension. The maze operation should be performed for atrial septal defect with atrial fibrillation while the surgical closure of defect was done. During and after operation, much attention should be paid to preventing and curing arrhythmia and protecting and supporting left heart function.