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TANK-binding kinase 1 as a novel therapeutic target for viral diseases |
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| Authors: | Chunyuan Zhao |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, China;3. Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China |
| Abstract: | Introduction: TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is vital for the induction of antiviral innate immune responses. Both RNA and DNA viral infection induces TBK1 activation, triggers phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and subsequent expression of type I interferons (IFNs; IFN-α/β). Type I IFNs can induce the expression of numerous antiviral genes called interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) to build a remarkable antiviral state and limit viral replication. Thus, optimal TBK1 activity is crucial for IRF3-induced type I IFNs expression and ISGs-mediated viral elimination. Areas covered: This review provides an overview of the diverse roles of TBK1 in antiviral innate immune responses, the regulatory mechanisms of TBK1 activity and the implication in antiviral development. Expert opinion: TBK1 is a key kinase against antiviral infection via inducing type I IFNs expression. Multiple types of post-translational modifications of TBK1 tightly regulate TBK1 activity and subsequent TBK1-dependent antiviral responses. The identified regulators of TBK1 unveil regulatory mechanisms of host antiviral innate immunity and immuno-escape mechanism of virus provide strategies to control viral diseases by modulating TBK1 activity. |
| Keywords: | TBK1 innate immune response TBK1 regulation virus viral diseases antiviral drugs |