肢体缺血后处理和盐酸戊乙奎醚防治胃缺血再灌注损伤的实验观察

目的 探讨缺血后处理和盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠肢体缺血再灌注时胃损伤的防治作用及其可能的作用机制.方法 实验采用大鼠肢体缺血再灌注损伤模型,将雄性Wistar大鼠144只,体重220～250 g,随机分为4组:对照组(C);缺血再灌注组(IR组);缺血后处理组(IPO组)和盐酸戊乙奎醚组(IPHC组).C、IR、IPO和IPHC组再分为再灌注0 h(T0)、1 h(T1)、3 b(T3)、6 h(T6)、12 b(T12)和24 h(T24)6个亚组(n=6).分别于上述6个时间点测定血清中LDH和CK活性,TNF-α和IL-10含量及胃组织中MDA含量,SOD、MPO、XOD和LDH活性;光镜下观察病理学改变和HIF-1α的蛋白表达水平.结果 与C组比较,IR、IPO和IPHC组血清LDH[再灌注后3 h:(6.68±0.11)、(3.93±0.07)、(2.92±0.08)U/ml]和CK[再灌注后3 h:(4.04±0.27)、(2.31±0.11)、(2.07±0.15)U/ml]活性升高、TNF-α[(再灌注后3 h:106.86±8.31)、(87.80±7.31)、(74.21±1.04)mg/ml]和IL-10[再灌注后3 h:(135.42±8.62)、(151.71±4.06)、(173.36±4.96)mg/m1]含量升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),胃组织SOD活性降低、MPO和XOD活性及LDH活性和MDA含量升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);光镜可见部分胃黏膜肌层或胃黏膜与腺体间少量中性粒细胞浸润,或少许嗜酸性粒细胞浸润、偶见中性粒细胞浸润,间质血管扩张充血并黏膜深层少量出血或间质血管扩张充血和HIF-1α表达上调(P＜0.01).与IR组比较,IPO和IPHC组血清LDH和CK活性降低、TNF-α含量降低和IL-10含量升高(P＜0.01),胃组织SOD活性升高、MPO和XOD活性及LDH活性和MDA含量降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);胃组织病理损伤减轻和HIF-1α表达下调(P＜0.01).与IPO组比较,IPHC组血清LDH活性明显降低、CK活性先降低后升高、TNF-α含量明显降低和IL-10含量升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),胃组织SOD活性明显升高、MPO活性明显降低、MDA含量于3 h升高、XOD活性于12 h后升高和LDH活性于3 h升高且12 h后降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),组织病理损伤减轻和HIF-1α表达下调(P＜0.01).结论 可以通过减少氧自由基的产生、中性粒细胞的浸润、炎症因子的释放和促进抗炎因子的产生及改善微循环功能和细胞能量代谢,有效减轻肢体缺血再灌注继发性胃缺血再灌注损伤.盐酸戊乙奎醚后处理的抗缺血再灌注损伤作用好于肢体缺血后处理.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ischemic postconditioningand and penehyclldine hydrochloride on gastric injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion of lower limb in rats.Methods The model of limb ischemia reperfusion injury was used to perform this experiment.One hundred and forty four male Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into 4 groups:group Ⅰ Control (C),group Ⅱ Ischemic Reperfusion(IR),group Ⅲ Ischemic postconditioning(IPO)and group Ⅳpenehyclidine hydrochloride(IPHC);C,IR,IPO and IPHC groups has been followed for 0(T0),1(T1),3(T3),6(T6),12(T12),or 24(T24)perfusion,all the groups were secondary separated into six subgroups as time point and each subgroup contained six rats,respectively.Blood samples from the inferior vena cava were taken for determineation of LDH,CK activities and TNF-α,IL-10 content at every time point of reperfusion;the animals were killed at every time point respectively and the gastric were removed for determineation of SOD,MPO,XOD and LDH activities,MDA content,and histologyical examination and the expression of HIF-1α was analyzed.Results Compared with group C,IR,IPO and IPHC,in serum LDH and CK activeities were increased,TNF-α and IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);and in gastric tissue MPO,XOD and LDH activeities were increased and MDA content increased,while SOD activity decreased in group IR,IPO and IPHC(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);and gastric tissue resulted in significant injury as evidenced by infiltrated of few neutrophils or eosinophils and rare neutrophils between the gastric mucosa or muscularis mucosa and the glands,interstitial vascular dilation hyperemia and small quantity hemorrhage from deep layers of mucosa or interstitial vascular dilation hyperemia,and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly increased(P ＜0.01).Compared with group IR,IPO and IPHC in serum LDH and CK activeities,TNF-α content decreased while IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.01);and in gastric tissue MDA content,MPO,XOD and LDH activeities were decreased,and SOD activity increased in group IPO and IPHC(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);and the histologyical injury were milder and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly decreased(P ＜0.01).Compared with group IPO,IPHC,in serum LDH activeities were markably decreased,CK activeities were first increased and then declined,TNF-α content markaly declined while IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),and the histologyical injury were milder and the expression of HIF-1α was markably decreased(P＜0.01)and in gastric tissue SOD activity were markably increased,MPO activeities significantly decreased,MDA content increased at T3,XOD activeities increased after T12,LDH activeities increased at T3 and declined after T12 in group IPHC(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion The combination of ischemia postconditioning and postconditioning with penehyclidine hydrochloride can protect the gstric from ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by ischemia reperfusion of the lower limbs in rats,the main mechanism may be reducing post-ischemic oxidative damage,inflammatory reaction,amelio-rating microcirculatory and cellular energy metabolism et al.Additionally,this study found that the protective effects of penehyclldine hydrochloride on gastric injuryinducedbyischemiareperfusionof thelowerlimbs,werebetterthanischemic postconditioning,and the mechanism might be related to its anti-inflammatory effect,antioxidant action and prevention of cell injury et al.

Preventive effects of ischemic postconditioning and penehyclldine hydrochloride on gastric against ischemia-reperfution injury in rats

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ischemic postconditioningand and penehyclldine hydrochloride on gastric injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion of lower limb in rats.Methods The model of limb ischemia reperfusion injury was used to perform this experiment.One hundred and forty four male Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into 4 groups:group Ⅰ Control (C),group Ⅱ Ischemic Reperfusion(IR),group Ⅲ Ischemic postconditioning(IPO)and group Ⅳpenehyclidine hydrochloride(IPHC);C,IR,IPO and IPHC groups has been followed for 0(T0),1(T1),3(T3),6(T6),12(T12),or 24(T24)perfusion,all the groups were secondary separated into six subgroups as time point and each subgroup contained six rats,respectively.Blood samples from the inferior vena cava were taken for determineation of LDH,CK activities and TNF-α,IL-10 content at every time point of reperfusion;the animals were killed at every time point respectively and the gastric were removed for determineation of SOD,MPO,XOD and LDH activities,MDA content,and histologyical examination and the expression of HIF-1α was analyzed.Results Compared with group C,IR,IPO and IPHC,in serum LDH and CK activeities were increased,TNF-α and IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);and in gastric tissue MPO,XOD and LDH activeities were increased and MDA content increased,while SOD activity decreased in group IR,IPO and IPHC(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);and gastric tissue resulted in significant injury as evidenced by infiltrated of few neutrophils or eosinophils and rare neutrophils between the gastric mucosa or muscularis mucosa and the glands,interstitial vascular dilation hyperemia and small quantity hemorrhage from deep layers of mucosa or interstitial vascular dilation hyperemia,and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly increased(P ＜0.01).Compared with group IR,IPO and IPHC in serum LDH and CK activeities,TNF-α content decreased while IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.01);and in gastric tissue MDA content,MPO,XOD and LDH activeities were decreased,and SOD activity increased in group IPO and IPHC(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);and the histologyical injury were milder and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly decreased(P ＜0.01).Compared with group IPO,IPHC,in serum LDH activeities were markably decreased,CK activeities were first increased and then declined,TNF-α content markaly declined while IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),and the histologyical injury were milder and the expression of HIF-1α was markably decreased(P＜0.01)and in gastric tissue SOD activity were markably increased,MPO activeities significantly decreased,MDA content increased at T3,XOD activeities increased after T12,LDH activeities increased at T3 and declined after T12 in group IPHC(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion The combination of ischemia postconditioning and postconditioning with penehyclidine hydrochloride can protect the gstric from ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by ischemia reperfusion of the lower limbs in rats,the main mechanism may be reducing post-ischemic oxidative damage,inflammatory reaction,amelio-rating microcirculatory and cellular energy metabolism et al.Additionally,this study found that the protective effects of penehyclldine hydrochloride on gastric injuryinducedbyischemiareperfusionof thelowerlimbs,werebetterthanischemic postconditioning,and the mechanism might be related to its anti-inflammatory effect,antioxidant action and prevention of cell injury et al.