1991-2006年中国九省(区)18～44岁居民奶类摄入状况及变化趋势

目的 分析1991-2006年中国9个省(自治区)18～44岁不同年龄、性别和居住地区居民饮奶状况及变化趋势.方法 选取1991、1993、1997、2000、2004和2006年在中国9个省(自治区)开展的中国居民健康与营养调查中18～44岁成年居民作为本次研究对象,6轮调查中18～44岁的居民分别为5593、5491、5333、5334、4188和3908名,按性别、收入水平以及不同地区分层纵向分析历年来居民饮奶率、饮奶量以及奶类所提供钙的水平变化.结果 1991-2006年间,我国成年居民饮奶率和平均每日奶摄入量总体呈上升趋势.饮奶率从1991年2.2%(123/5593)上升到2006年7.6%(297/3908)(Z=-22.16,P＜0.01),其中城市居民饮奶率由9.7%(80/823)上升到23.7%(112/472)(Z=-12.81,P＜0.01),农村居民饮奶率从0.1%(2/2937)上升到1.8%(36/1987)(Z=-9.21,P＜0.01);高收入水平的居民饮奶率由4.7%(95/2006)上升到14.6%(200/1373)(Z=-17.36,P＜0.01),低收入水平的居民饮奶率从0.1%(2/1748)上升到2.4%(28/1171)(Z=-9.58,P＜0.01).18～44岁居民每日奶类摄入量由1991年(3.6±24.6)g/d增加到2006年(11.8±51.4)g/d(F=67.07,P＜0.01),其中高收入水平的居民饮奶量由(8.5±50.9)g/d增加到(23.1±71.5)g/d,低收入水平的居民饮奶量从(0.2±6.5)g/d增加到(3.3±23.5)g/d.1991至2006年,饮奶者每日膳食钙摄入量达到中国居民膳食营养素推荐摄入量(800 mg/d)的人数百分比由6.5%(8/123)上升到12.8%(38/297)(Z=-1.67,P＜0.05),非饮奶者相应的人数百分比从1.6%(38/5470)上升到3.6%(130/3611)(Z=-5.66,P＜0.01).结论 我国居民奶类摄入水平仍然较低,尤其是农村地区居民饮奶状况亟待改善.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the age,gender and region specified milk consumption and its changing trends of Chinese 18-44 years old adults in 9 provinces(autonomous region)from 1991 to 2006.Methods The data of 18-44 aged old adults investigated in Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2006 in 9 provinces(autonomous region)were utilized.The numbers of the subjects selected in 1991,1993,1997,2000,2004 and 2006 were 5593,5491,5334,4188 and 3908,respectively.Changes of the percentage of milk consumption,average intake of daily milk and dietary calcium intake were analyzed across different groups of gender,income levels,and areas.ResultsThere was an increasing trend in the percentage of milk consumption and daily intake of milk from 1991 to 2006.The average percentage of Chinese adult milk consumption went up from 2.2%(123/5593)in 1991 to 7.6%(297/3908)in 2006(Z =-22.16,P ＜0.01).Specifically,urban adult and rural adult showed significant increase in the percentages from 9.7%(80/823)to 23.7%(112/472)(Z =-12.81,P ＜0.01)and 0.1%(2/2937)to 1.8%(36/1987)(Z =-9.21,P ＜0.01)respectively.Percentages of adult who ever drank milk at top income level and bottom income level increased from 4.7%(95/2006)to 14.6%(200/1373)(Z =-17.36,P＜0.01)and from 0.1%(2/1748)to 2.4%(28/1171)(Z=-9.58,P＜0.01),respectively.Meanwhile,the average daily intake of milk increased from(3.6 ± 24.6)g/d in 1991 to (11.8 ± 51.4)g/d in 2006(F = 67.07,P ＜0.01).The daily milk consumption among top income level adults and bottom income level adults increased from(8.5 ± 50.9)g/d to(23.1 ± 71.5)g/d and from (0.2±6.5)g/d to(3.3 ± 23.5)g/d(F= 13.90,P＜0.01),respectively.From 1991 to 2006,milk consumers significantly promoted their percentage of achieving the Chinese dietary reference intake on calcium(800 mg/d)from 6.5%(8/123)to 12.8%(38/297)(Z=-1.67,P＜0.05),whereas this percentage increased from 1.6%(38/5470)to 3.6%(130/3611)among milk non-consumers(Z =-5.66,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Chinese adult milk intake still remains in quite low level,and the situation of milk consumption among rural adults requires further promotion.

Milk consumption and its changing trend of Chinese adult aged 18 - 44 in nine provinces (autonomous region) from 1991 to 2006

Objective To investigate the age,gender and region specified milk consumption and its changing trends of Chinese 18-44 years old adults in 9 provinces(autonomous region)from 1991 to 2006.Methods The data of 18-44 aged old adults investigated in Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2006 in 9 provinces(autonomous region)were utilized.The numbers of the subjects selected in 1991,1993,1997,2000,2004 and 2006 were 5593,5491,5334,4188 and 3908,respectively.Changes of the percentage of milk consumption,average intake of daily milk and dietary calcium intake were analyzed across different groups of gender,income levels,and areas.ResultsThere was an increasing trend in the percentage of milk consumption and daily intake of milk from 1991 to 2006.The average percentage of Chinese adult milk consumption went up from 2.2%(123/5593)in 1991 to 7.6%(297/3908)in 2006(Z =-22.16,P ＜0.01).Specifically,urban adult and rural adult showed significant increase in the percentages from 9.7%(80/823)to 23.7%(112/472)(Z =-12.81,P ＜0.01)and 0.1%(2/2937)to 1.8%(36/1987)(Z =-9.21,P ＜0.01)respectively.Percentages of adult who ever drank milk at top income level and bottom income level increased from 4.7%(95/2006)to 14.6%(200/1373)(Z =-17.36,P＜0.01)and from 0.1%(2/1748)to 2.4%(28/1171)(Z=-9.58,P＜0.01),respectively.Meanwhile,the average daily intake of milk increased from(3.6 ± 24.6)g/d in 1991 to (11.8 ± 51.4)g/d in 2006(F = 67.07,P ＜0.01).The daily milk consumption among top income level adults and bottom income level adults increased from(8.5 ± 50.9)g/d to(23.1 ± 71.5)g/d and from (0.2±6.5)g/d to(3.3 ± 23.5)g/d(F= 13.90,P＜0.01),respectively.From 1991 to 2006,milk consumers significantly promoted their percentage of achieving the Chinese dietary reference intake on calcium(800 mg/d)from 6.5%(8/123)to 12.8%(38/297)(Z=-1.67,P＜0.05),whereas this percentage increased from 1.6%(38/5470)to 3.6%(130/3611)among milk non-consumers(Z =-5.66,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Chinese adult milk intake still remains in quite low level,and the situation of milk consumption among rural adults requires further promotion.