乳糜性浆膜腔积液123例临床分析

目的 分析乳糜性浆膜腔积液的临床特点,提高该病的诊治水平.方法 复习1990-2009年(20年间)北京协和医院乳糜性浆膜腔积液的住院病例资料,分析其临床特点和诊治现状.结果 123例乳糜性浆膜腔积液患者常见的的临床表现包括:呼吸困难(55.3%)、水肿(26.8%)、腹胀(22.8%)和消瘦(17.1%).不管是否有基础疾病,血清白蛋白减低很常见(45.5%).乳糜试验阳性、浆膜腔积液甘油三酯水平＞1.25 mmol/L、淋巴管核素显像以及淋巴管造影的阳性率分别为:89.1%、80.6%、70.6%和89.5%.常见病因包括创伤(14.6%)、恶性肿瘤(9.0%)、感染(7.3%)、淋巴管疾病或特发性淋巴管异常(40%)、药物相关(2.4%)和继发于各种基础疾病(16.3%)等.55例有随访资料:43.6%乳糜积液消失,20%好转,21.8%死亡.结论 乳糜性浆膜腔积液病因复杂,临床表现缺乏特异性,但常有明显全身消耗症状.全面系统检查有助于尽早确定病因.常用的治疗方法包括饮食调节、病因治疗和外科治疗.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of chylous effusion and boost its diagnostic and therapeutic level. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for 123 cases of chylous effusion at our hospital between January 1990 and December 2009. Results The main clinical manifestations of chylous effusion included dyspnea ( 55.3% ), edema ( 26. 8% ), abdominal distention (22. 8% ) and loss of weight ( 17. 1% ). Hypoalbuminia was common (45. 5% ) and it was even more so in patients with idiopathic lymphopathies or of unknown causes (95.2%). The positive rates of identifying chylous effusion by Sudan Ⅲ test, high triglyceride levels ( ＞ 1.25 mmol/L), lymphangiography or lyphangioscintigraphy were 89. 1%, 80. 6%, 70. 6% and 89. 5% respectively. Its common etiologies included injury ( 14. 6% ), malignancy (9. 0% ), infections ( 7.3% ), lymphatic disorders or idiopathic lymphopathies ( 40% ), drug-associated ( 2. 4% ) or associated with underlying disorders ( 16. 3% ).Efficacy was achieved in 63.6% of the patients and 21.8% died. Conclusions Chylous effusion is a special type of serous effusion with multiple causes. Its clinical manifestations are often nonspecific. But malnutrition is common. Its causes are identified after a systematic evaluation. Treatment modalities include dietary modification, management of underlying causes and surgical approaches.

Clinical analysis of 123 cases of chylous effusion

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of chylous effusion and boost its diagnostic and therapeutic level. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for 123 cases of chylous effusion at our hospital between January 1990 and December 2009. Results The main clinical manifestations of chylous effusion included dyspnea ( 55.3% ), edema ( 26. 8% ), abdominal distention (22. 8% ) and loss of weight ( 17. 1% ). Hypoalbuminia was common (45. 5% ) and it was even more so in patients with idiopathic lymphopathies or of unknown causes (95.2%). The positive rates of identifying chylous effusion by Sudan Ⅲ test, high triglyceride levels ( ＞ 1.25 mmol/L), lymphangiography or lyphangioscintigraphy were 89. 1%, 80. 6%, 70. 6% and 89. 5% respectively. Its common etiologies included injury ( 14. 6% ), malignancy (9. 0% ), infections ( 7.3% ), lymphatic disorders or idiopathic lymphopathies ( 40% ), drug-associated ( 2. 4% ) or associated with underlying disorders ( 16. 3% ).Efficacy was achieved in 63.6% of the patients and 21.8% died. Conclusions Chylous effusion is a special type of serous effusion with multiple causes. Its clinical manifestations are often nonspecific. But malnutrition is common. Its causes are identified after a systematic evaluation. Treatment modalities include dietary modification, management of underlying causes and surgical approaches.