上颌窦区的解剖研究及其临床意义

目的：为经上颌窦入路翼腭窝手术提供解剖学依据。方法：在15例成人尸头标本中观察并测量眶下孔至上颌窦重要结构之间的距离。结果：眶下孔位于眶下缘中点稍内侧，至眶下缘的垂直距离为（6．72±2．98）（4．30～11．90）mm，至上颌窦底壁的距离为（18．56±3．14）（14．60-27．20）mm，至上颌窦最后壁的距离为（36．08±3．61）（30．30-42．40）mm，至蝶腭动脉起始处的距离为（37．59±3．75），（30．50～44．10）mm，至翼腭神经节的距离为（40．47±2．74）（36．10～44．90）mm，至翼管的距离为（48．12±3．21）（42．20-54．40）mm，至上颌神经出圆孔处的距离为（43．24±3．32）（38．90～49．70）mm；筛上颌窦板长径为（8．96±2．87）（4．10-13．10）mm，宽径为（5．28±1．38）（2．90-8．70）mm。结论：本研究可为经上颌窦入路翼腭窝手术提供解剖学参数。

Anatomy Study and Its Clinical Significance of the Maxillary Sinus Area

Objective：To provide the anatomic basis for the surgery of pterygopalatine fossa through maxillary sinus. Methods：The distances between the important anatomical structures of maxillary sinus were measured in 15 adult skull specimens. Results：The distances from infraorbital foramen to infraorbital margin and proximal wall of maxillary sinus were （6.72 ±2.98） （4.30 ± 11.90） mm and （ 18.56 ± 3.14） （ 14.60 ± 27.20） , respectively. The distance from infraorbital foramen to the posterior wall of maxillary sinus was（36.08 ± 3.61 ） （ 30.30 ± 42.40） mm, The distance from infraorbital foramen to the starting site of sphenopalatine ar- tery was （ 37.59 ± 3.75 ） （ 30.50 ± 44.10 ） mm. The distance from infraorbital foramen to pterygopalatine gan- glion was （40.47 ± 2.74）（36.10 ±44.90）mm. The distance from infraorbital foramen to pterygoid canal was （48.12 ± 3.21 ） （ 42.20 ±54.40 ） mm. The distance from infraorbital foramen to foramen rotundum where the maxillary nerve came out of the skull was （ 43.24 ± 3.32 ） （ 38.90 ± 49.70 ） mm. The length and width of ethm- oido - maxillary plate was （ 8.96 ±2.87 ） （4.10 ± 13.10） mm and （5.28 ± 1.38 ） （ 2.90 ± 8.70 ） mm, respec- tively. Conclusions：Our study can provide the important anatomical parameters for the surgery of pterygopala- tine fossa through maxillary sinus.