Serum CK-MB,COVID-19 severity and mortality: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy;2. Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy;3. Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia |
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Abstract: | ObjectivesWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), a biomarker of myocardial injury, in COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, for studies published between January 2020 and January 2021 that reported CK-MB, COVID-19 severity and mortality (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021239657).ResultsFifty-five studies in 11,791 COVID-19 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that CK-MB concentrations were significantly higher in patients with high disease severity or non-survivor status than patients with low severity or survivor status (standardized mean difference, SMD, 0.81, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.01, p<0.001). The rate of patients with CK-MB values above the normal range was also significantly higher in the former than the latter (60/350 vs 98/1,780; RR = 2.84, 95%CI 1.89 to 4.27, p<0.001; I2 = 19.9, p = 0.254). Extreme between-study heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 93.4%, p<0.001). Sensitivity analysis, performed by sequentially removing each study and re-assessing the pooled estimates, showed that the magnitude and direction of the effect size was not modified (effect size range, 0.77 to 0.84). Begg's (p = 0.50) and Egger's (p = 0.86) t-tests did not show publication bias. In meta-regression analysis, the SMD was significantly and positively associated with the white blood count, aspartate aminotransferase, myoglobin, troponin, brain natriuretic peptide, lactate dehydrogenase, and D-dimer.ConclusionsHigher CK-MB concentrations were significantly associated with severe disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients. This biomarker of myocardial injury might be useful for risk stratification in this group. |
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Keywords: | Creatine kinase-MB Creatine kinase-MB values Above the normal range COVID-19 Disease severity Mortality |
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