周围血管损伤的诊断和治疗

周围血管损伤的诊断主要依靠病史和临床检查。必要时可以辅助以彩色多谱勒超声检查和血管造影。急救原则：首先是止血、抗休克、挽救生命，其次修复血管、重建血循环、保存肢体，兼顾功能。血管损伤修复的方法：侧壁修补、端一端吻合、端一侧吻合、侧一侧吻合以及局部缺损等方法。血管缺损修复的方法：游离血管、屈曲关节、血管交叉缝合法、利用损伤的动脉移植、静脉移植、旁路血管移植和带血管蒂的轴型皮瓣游离移植。血管移植的材料：自体血管、人造血管、人脐带血管以及用塑料管作暂时性动脉分流。

Diagnosis and treatment of peripheral blood vessels injuries

The diagnosis of peripheral blood vessels injuries is mainly based on the injury mechanism and clinical examination.?If necessary,doppler ultrasonography and angiography are needed.?The principles for emergency treatment:?life is prior to extremities.?Prompt hemostasis and anti shock measurements come first,then followed by blood vessels repair and revascularization.?The microsurgical repair methods for vessels injuries includes: side repair,regional defect repair end to end anastomosis,end to side anastomosis and side to side anastomosis.?The reconstructive methods for vessels defects includes:?free vessel,joint flexion,cross anastomosis,artery graft from injured tissue,vein graft,bypass vessel graft and free transfer of pedicle flaps.?The grafting materials includes:auto vessels,artificial vessels,human umbilical vessels and plastic tubes as temporary passage for blood flow.