嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌耐药现状及分子流行病学特征

目的了解嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌耐药现状及分子流行病学特征。方法临床分离嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌30株,经VITEK微生物鉴定系统重新鉴定。微量肉汤稀释法检测14种抗菌药物的MIC、肠杆菌科基因间重复-致序列(ERIC)-PCR]方法分析嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌流行特征。结果30株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢噻肟、氨曲南和阿米卡星高度耐药;但对头孢哌酮-舒巴坦、哌拉西林-三唑巴坦、复方磺胺甲噁唑和替卡西林-克拉维酸仍保持一定敏感性,敏感率分别为96.7%、76.7%、73.3%和60%。ERIC-PCR指纹图谱显示30株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌由26种不同克隆构成。结论嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对常用抗菌药物呈多重耐药,但对头孢哌酮-舒巴坦、哌拉西林-三唑巴坦、复方磺胺甲噁唑、替卡西林-克拉维酸仍保持一定敏感性。30株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌分子流行病学显示基因型多态性。

Characterization of the antibiotic resistance and molecular epidemiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Objective To characterize the antibiotic resistance and molecular epidemiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Methods Thirty isolates of S. maltophilia were collected and identified with API 20NE test strips. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 14 antimicrobial agents against the 30 isolates were determined by broth microdilution method. ERIC-PCR typing was used to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of isolates. Results The 30 S. maltophilia isolates were highly resistant to imipenem, meropenem, cefotaxime, aztreonam and amikacin, but relatively susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, with susceptibility rate of 96.7%, 76.7%, 73.3% and 60% respectively. ERIC-PCR typing revealed 26 different clones in the S. maltophilia isolates. Conclusions S. maltophilia is multi-resistant to the commonly used antimicrobial agents, but relatively susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. The 30 S. maltophilia isolates have genotype polymorphism as revealed by molecular epidemiology.