超声心动图在评价妊娠期糖尿病胎儿心功能中的作用

目的应用超声心动图观察妊娠期糖尿病（gestationaldiabetesmellitus，GDM）胎儿心脏构型及功能的变化，判断心脏构型与心功能变化间的关系。方法73例GDM胎儿为研究对象，用二维超声、M型超声及脉冲多普勒超声测量胎儿室间隔舒张末期厚度（IVSd），左室射血分数（LVEF），二、三尖瓣E、A峰值速度比（E／AMv、E／AIV）及心肌工作指数（MPI）等，并与正常妊娠组胎儿各指标进行对比。结果30周后，GDM胎儿左、右心心肌工作指数（LvMPI、RVMPI）明显高于正常组（P〈0．05）。结论GDM胎儿心脏功能变化发生于孕30周后，心肌工作指数可以比较准确地反映胎儿心功能的变化。

Evaluation of fetal heart function by echocardiography in women with gestational diabetes

Objective To evaluate fetal heart function by echocardiography in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods Seventy-three fetuses of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus were included. Two-dimensional untrasonography, M-mode ultrasonography and Doppler echocardiography were performed. The interventricular septum thickness at end diastole （IVSd）, left ventricular ejection fraction（ LVEF）, ratio of E and A of mitral flow （E/AMy）, ratio of E and A of tricuspid flow （ E/ATv ） and myocardial performance index （MPI） of fetal heart were measured. These findings were compared with those of normal fetuses. Results The left and right ventricular MPIs of the diabetic group were significantly higher than those of control group after 30 weeks of gestation （P 〈0.05 ）. Conclusion Heart function changes are found in fetuses of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus from 30 weeks of gestation.