成都市儿童龋病患病趋势的改变(1982～1998)

目的 :通过对成都市儿童龋病调查 ,了解龋病患病情况、发展趋势及特点 ,探讨可能的原因及相应的预防措施。方法 :调查对象为成都市 3岁、5岁、12岁儿童 ,采用WHO口腔健康调查方法于 1982～ 1998年期间定期抽样检查。结果 :1982～ 1990年 3岁和 5岁儿童龋患呈上升趋势 ,dmft上升、无龋率下降。 90年代该两年龄组龋均上升趋势已不存在 ,1998年 3岁乳牙均 1 45 ,5岁 4 17,较 1982年低 ;无龋率分别为 6 0 8%、2 8 2 6 % ;12岁年龄组恒牙无龋率 1982 ,1998分别为 6 8 6 6 %和70 13% ,DMFT为 0 7、0 6 ,仍处于低水平。尽管无龋儿童增加 ,但少部分儿童龋患严重。结论 :成都儿童龋患 80年代呈上升趋势 ,1990年后保持平稳并呈下降趋势 ,但大多数龋集中在少部分儿童 ,充填率仍然很低。应加强对龋易感儿童的诊断、预防和早期治疗。

Changes in the Prevalence of Caries in Children in Chengdu,West China 1982 ～ 1998

Objective:To assess dental caries prevalence,patterns and trends of children in Chengdu,West China.Methods:The study groups consisted of children aged 3,5 and 12 years that attended randomly chosen nursery and middle schools from Chengdu.Examinations were carried out in the field by using recording procedures and examination methods based on WHO criteria by five senior dentists from the College of Stomatology,WCUMS in 1982,1990,1994 and 1998.Results:The percentages of 3 yr olds caries free children were 62.24%,49 48%,60 80%and the mean dmft were 1.99,2.26 and 1.45 in 1982,1990 and 1998.For the 5 yr olds 22 51%,15%,28.26% of children were caries free and the mean dmfs were 4.45,4.80 and 4.17 in 1982,1990 and 1998 respectively. The proportions of 12 yr olds caries free examined during the 1982 1990 were decreased from 68.66% to 58.19%.Mean values of DMFT increased significantly from 0.70 to 1.05(p<0.01).A decline in caries prevalence has been observed in the late 1990s.The pattern of dental caries that slightly more decayed teeth were concentrated in a smaller proportion of children was also observed in this study.Conclusion:Dental caries prevalence and experience in Chengdu was relatively high in primary teeth but low in permanent teeth.The trend of caries prevalence shows an incerase in the 1980s and decrease in the 1990s for both primary and permanent teeth.