精神分裂症患者心理防御机制的性别差异及其影响因素

目的　探讨精神分裂症患者防御方式的性别差异及其影响因素。方法　应用防御方式问卷对 96名男性和 84名精神分裂症患者进行防御机制的测定 ,进行t检验 ;选取影响防御方式的 9个因素进行相关分析和多元回归分析。结果　男女两组 4个防御因子未发现明显差异 ,不成熟防御机制中的投射、退缩得分男性高于女性 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,幻想、躯体化得分女性高于男性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;中间型防御机制中的理想化和否认得分女性明显高于男性 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。男性成熟防御机制与文化程度呈正相关 (r=0 6 99,P <0 0 1) ,与病程呈负相关 (r =- 0 36 2 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,与住院时间呈负相关 (r= - 0 32 9) ;男性中间型防御机制得分与职业呈负相关 (r =- 0 4 4 6 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;女性的掩饰因子得分与疗效呈正相关 (r =0 5 89,P <0 0 1) ,与住院时间呈负相关 (r =- 0 36 9,P <0 0 5 )。结论　四种防御机制的性别差异不显著 ,但部分条目男女差异较大 ,文化程度、病程、职业、住院时间和疗效对防御机制的影响比较明显。

The gender difference of defense styles of schizophrenics

Objective: To explore the gender differences of defense styles and affecting factors of schizophrenics. Methods: 96 male and 84 female schizophrenics were measured by Defense Styles Question. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups. For un-mature defense mechanism, the scores of projection and repression in male were higher than those in female, the scores of fancy and somatization in female were higher than those in male. For middle type defense mechanism, the scores of ideality and denial in female were higher than those in male. The mature defense mechanism was positive correlated with the degree of culture and negative correlated with the duration of disease and the time of hospitalization. The middle type defense mechanism of male was negative correlated with profession. The scores of conceal in female were positive correlated with the therapeutic efficiency and the time of hospitalization. Conclusion: There were no significant differences on four defense mechanisms, the defense style was associated with many factors.