育龄妇女狂犬病暴露后接种疫苗对妊娠的影响

目的通过分析狂犬病监测信息报告管理系统的数据库资料,探讨育龄妇女狂犬病暴露后的流行病学特点及接种疫苗对优生优育的影响。方法流行病学资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统疾病监测信息报告管理系统;犬致伤数据来源于门头沟区三家狂犬病免疫预防门诊动物致伤数据库。以EpiData数据库录入数据。结果接受狂犬疫苗注射的25 258人中,育龄妇女4216人,占9.5%。三类伤口的育龄妇女中,66.2%接受了被动免疫,与一般人群三类伤口接种率72.35%相比有显著性差异（P〈0.0001）。拒绝接受被动免疫最主要的原因为害怕其对妊娠的影响。流产、妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、出生低体重以及小先天缺陷在接种狂犬疫苗妊娠妇女和一般妊娠妇女中发生率均无显著性差异。不孕症在接种狂犬疫苗育龄妇女与一般育龄妇女中发病率亦无显著性差异。结论接种狂犬疫苗对妇女妊娠及生育无明显影响。

Influence to pregnancy after vaccination of rabies exposure in the reproductive age women

Objective:This study investigated the influence of rabies vaccinating exposure to reproductive women by analyzing the database of rabies reporting and mortaring system.Methods:The epidemiology data was from the China information system for diseases control and prevention.The data of rabies,which was recorded by EpiData and analyzed by Excel 2007,was from the prevention clinic of rabies in Mentougou District.Results:The number of reproductive age women was 4216;it was 9.5% in the 25 258 people who experienced rabies vaccinating.66.2% reproductive age women were passive immunized,whose wounds were type III.72.35% normal people with type III wounds were passive immunized.Significant difference was found between the two groups(P<0.0001).The main reason of why the women refused to be passive immunized was afraid of the side effect of vaccine to pregnancy.No significant differences of incidence about abortion,gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes,low birth body weight and tiny birth defect were found between the groups of vaccinated and normal gravida.No significant difference of incidence about infertilitas was found between the groups of vaccinated and normal reproductive age women too.Conclusion:No influence of rabies vaccine to pregnancy and birth was found.