城市1～2岁幼儿依恋问卷及其判别函数的建立

目的 编制儿童依恋行为问卷并建立其判别函数, 为评价1~2岁幼儿依恋行为测评提供工具。方法 查阅有关文献和专家访谈, 以儿童依恋行为分类卡(Attachment Q-set, AQS)为基础构建儿童依恋条目库, 经预测试形成“依恋初始问卷”。随机抽取8市城区612名1～2岁儿童进行初始问卷测试, 经6次探索性因素分析, 删除CR值达不到显著水平、与总分相关系数<0.30的条目以及项目负荷量<0.4的条目, 最后形成《1～2岁幼儿依恋问卷》, 然后进行信度检验和效度检验。通过对济南市城区128名幼儿SSP分析结果和依恋问卷数据进行判别分析, 形成依恋类型的判别函数。结果 《1~2岁幼儿依恋问卷》含有8个因子, 36个条目。同质信度克伦巴赫系数为0.77, 分半信度为0.74, 重测信度为0.56;内容效度和结构效度均达到良好水平。与SSP相比, 判别函数对A型、C型判定符合度为100%, 对B型判定符合度98%。SSP分型和依恋问卷判别分型之间差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.13, P=0.94)。结论 依恋问卷信度、效度以及判别函数区分度良好, 达到心理测量学的标准, 可以用作1～2岁幼儿依恋行为的测评工具。

Development and discriminant functionof Attachment Questionnaire of Toddlers Aged 1~2 Years Old.

Objective To develop the Todller Attachment Quetionnaire and build its attachment discriminant function. Methods The privary attachment questionnarie was derived from the items pools based on the 90 items of Attachment Q-set(AQS)and had been revised by an discussion with 6 experts of child development.The parents of 612 toddlers aged 1～2 years come from 8 cities fulfilled the todller attachment quetionnaire.With 6 exploratory factor analysis, the attachment questionnarie with 36 items built up through delete some in-effective items, and its reliability and validity were tested successively.With the data of strange situation procedure(SSP) testing and attachment questionnaries from 128 toddlers and their mothers, the attachment discriminant function was built finally. Results The attachment questionnarie consisted of 36 items, with 8 factors.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.77, Guttman split-half reliability was 0.74, test-retest reliability was 0.56.Content validity and construct validity all were satisfied.The A type, B type and C type all had highly corrective discriminant results.There was no statistical significance between SSP types and AQS discriminant types (χ²=0.13, P=0.94). Conclusions The attachment questionnarie and its discriminant function are accord with psychometric demands, which can be used as a practicable instrument for people to evaluate toddler's attachment characters.