妊娠期糖尿病血糖控制水平对母婴结局的影响

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(Gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)对母婴结局的影响。方法我院确诊的116例GDM孕妇根据血糖控制情况分为满意组和不满意组,从同期住院分娩的正常孕妇中随机抽取116例作为对照组,对GDM孕妇和116例对照组孕妇的临床资料进行分析。结果 GDM孕妇总的手术剖宫产、子痫前期、羊水过多、产后出血及生殖道感染的发生率与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);满意组GDM孕妇妊娠并发症及围生儿结局与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不满意组GDM孕妇子痫前期、手术产、羊水过多、产后出血、生殖道感染及新生儿早产、巨大儿、低血糖和高胆红素血症的发生率与满意组GDM孕妇比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 GDM严重威胁母婴的健康,其影响程度与孕期血糖控制水平密切相关。孕期应及时进行糖尿病筛查,早期诊断,积极治疗,降低母婴并发症,改善母婴预后。

Impact of glycemia control in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and fetal outcome

Objective To explore the gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） on the complications of maternal and fetal out- come. Methods One hundred and sixteen patients with GDM were divided into two groups according to glycemia control status： group I （Glycemia control was satisfied） and group II （Glycemia control was unsatisfied）. In addition, 116 normal pregnant women were used as controls. Clinical data were compared. Results The incidence of uterine-incision delivery, preeclampsia, dropsy of amnion, postpar- tum hemorrhage and infection of genital duct in pregnant women with GDM was significantly different from control group （ P〈0. 05 ）. The pregnant complications and outcomes of fetuses in GDM group I were not significant differences from the control group. The inci- dence of uterine-incision delivery, preeclampsia, dropsy of amnion, postpartum hemorrhage and infection of genital duct, as well as pre- mature birth,large for date infant, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia of newborn infant in GDM group I were significant differences from GDM group II （P〈0.05）. Conclusion GDM threatens maternal and fetal health, and the degree of influence is correlated with level of glycemia control. Accordingly, screening for GDM in time, early diagnosis, and active treatment may reduce incidence of maternal and fetal complications, thus,improve maternal and fetal outcome of patients with GDM.