农村社区常住居民艾滋病防治健康教育模式试点研究

目的探索适合我国农村常住居民的艾滋病防治健康教育模式，提高目标人群预防性病艾滋病的认知水平，减少对艾滋病病毒感染者的歧视，预防和控制艾滋病的流行。方法系统收集分析国内外已开展的农村社区艾滋病防治健康教育项目成果和经验，结合目标人群的需求，提出有效健康教育模式，选取辽宁省进行试点验证。结果通过经验回顾与总结，提出了“大众传播与人际传播相结合的综合健康教育模式”。试点地区验证结果表明，通过为期1年的干预，干预组艾滋病相关知识总知哓率为74．2％，对照组为57．0％（x2=534．1，P=0．000），各单项艾滋病防治知识知晓率干预组也均高于对照组（P〈0．05）；干预组艾滋病正确态度持有率平均在65％以上，对照组平均在45％以下；干预前后，艾滋病危险行为改变不明显（P〉0．05）。结论“大众传播与人际传播相结合的综合健康教育模式”对农村社区居民艾滋病防治是行之有效的。

Pilot survey on AIDS health education model for rural residents

Objective To explore the AIDS health education model for rural residents, and to improve the AIDS knowledge level, reduce the hostile attitude to people living with HIV/AIDS, and control AIDS prevalence. Methods The experiences and outcomes from civil and aboard were collected and analyzed. Based on the needs of targeted popula- tion, a comprehensive AIDS health education model was drawn up and then certified in Liaoning Province. Results Based on the experiences in past, the model of ＂Mass transmission combining interpersonal transmission＂ were drawn up. The re- sults from pilot showed that the model was effective. After one year intervention, the total AIDS knowledge awareness rate in intervention group was 74. 2%, and the control was 57.0% （~2 = 534. 1, P = 0. 000）. Each AIDS indicator awareness rate in intervention group was also higher than that in control group （P 〈 0. 05）. The rates of the residents with AIDS cor- rect attitudes in intervention group were over 65%, while not more than 45% in control group. The change of AIDS high risk behaviors was not significant （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The heahh education model ＂Mass transmission combining interpersonal transmission＂ was effective for AIDS control in rural residents.