70例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征临床分析

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者的临床特征、并发症，并对其不同治疗方法和临床效果进行评价。方法采用流行病学回顾调查方法，对70例OSAS患者的PSG监测数据、病历资料进行统计分析，采用电话随访的方式询问其打鼾、憋气以及其他临床症状改善情况。结果70例患者中，轻、中、重患者分别占了（21％、23％、56％），最长呼吸暂停时间为147s，最长低通气时间为123s，睡眠过程中Sa02最低为34％，AHI为5～96，睡眠效率最低为31．4％。56例（80％）伴有并发症或合并症，其中有高血压者37例（53％），糖尿病4例（6％），冠心病14例（20％）。平均Sa02下降程度与AHI存在正相关（r=0．336，P〈0．05）；高血压和冠心病均与OSAS之间存在着正相关（r分别为0．643和0．422，均P〈0．01）。手术治疗患者的总有效率70．2％（40／57），应用CPAP呼吸机治疗的3例患者，全部有效。结论OSAS是一种具有潜在危险的疾病，必须引起足够的重视，早期发现、合理治疗，预防并发症的发生。

Clinical analysis of 70 cases with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)

Objective TO assess the clinical characteristics and complications of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS） and to evaluate the clinical efficacy of different treating methods. Methods The retrospective study of 70 patients with OSAS were performed. The polysomnogram （PSG） monitoring data and the patients＇ information of medical records were obtained for statistical analysis. Information of symptoms improvement including the snoring, breathe holding and others were obtained by follow-up phone calls. Results In the 70 cases, mild, moderate and severe patients were accounted for 21%, 23% and 56%, respectively. The longest apnea-time was 147 seconds. The longest hypopnea-time was 123 seconds. The lowest SaO2 during sleep was 34%. Apnea hyponea index （AHI） was 5 to 96. The lowest Sleep efficiency was 31.4%. 56 cases （80%） had complications or concurrent diseases. Among the 56 patients, 37 cases （53%） presented hypertension, 4 （6%） with diabetes, 14 （20%） with coronary heart disease （CHD）. The mean drop of SaO2 was positively correlated with AHI （ r =0. 336, P 〈0.05 ） ; Hypertension and CHD were both positively correlated with OSAS （r = 0. 643 and 0. 422, both P 〈 0. 01 ）. The total efficiency of surgical treatment was 70. 2% （40/57）. CPAP treatment used in the three cases were all effective. Conclusion OSAS is a disease with potential danger, and we must pay more attention to it. The key to prevent its complications and improve the quality of OSAS patients＇ lives is early detection with proper treatment.