新入职护士规范化培训阶段工作体验质性研究的系统评价

[目的]系统评价新入职护士工作体验的质性研究,为其顺利过渡到合格临床护士提供干预依据。[方法]检索PubMed、EMbase、the Cochrane Library、JBI图书馆、知网、万方、维普数据资源系统中有关新入职护士工作体验、心理压力、情绪体验等的质性研究,检索时限从建库至2018年10月31日。将纳入文献按照澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究的质量评价(2016)标准进行评价,采用汇集Meta整合的方法将研究结果进行整合。[结果]共纳入11篇质性研究文献,提取17个研究结果,归纳形成6个类别,整合形成2个结果。整合结果1:新护士规培初期角色适应不良,身心俱疲,渴望有效支持。整合结果2:规培后期新护士专业能力全面提升,职业认同感提高,逐渐适应护士角色。[结论]新护士在规范化培训阶段均经历从初期的焦虑、缺乏自信、角色适应不良到后期专业能力迅速提升,逐渐适应岗位的过程。护理管理人员应针对规培护士不同阶段出现的共性问题制定适宜的干预计划与规培方案,促进新护士到专业护士角色的顺利过渡。

Qualitative research on work experience of newly engaged nurses at the stage of standardized training:a systematic evaluation

Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative researches on the work experience of newly engaged nurses,so as to provide a basis for intervention on smooth transition from newly engaged nurses to qualified clinical nurse.Methods:Qualitative researches on the work experience,psychological stress emotional experience,and other qualities of newly engaged nurses,was retrieved from PubMed,EMbase,the Cochrane Library,JBI library,CNKI,WanFang database,and VIP Database.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to October 31,2018.The included literatures were evaluated,according to the quality evaluation standards(2016 version)of the Australian JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Center.Then,the results were analyzed using a Meta-integration.Results:A total of 11 pieces of qualitative researches were included.From which,totally 17 research results were extracted.And results were summarized into 6 categories,which were integrated to 2 final results.The first integrated result showed that the newly engaged nurses at the early stage of standardized training had poorer adaptation ability,with physical and mental exhaustion.They were eager for obtaining effective support.The second integrated result showed that professional skills of the newly engaged nurses at the late stage of standardized training had comprehensively improved.The professional self-identity among newly engaged nurses had enhanced.They had gradually adapted to the role of nurses.Conclusions:During the period of standardized training,the newly engaged nurses experienced the transformation from the anxiety,lack of self-confidence,role maladjustment at early stage to rapid improvement of professional skills,gradual adaptation to the position at the late stage.It was adviced that nursing managers should formulate appropriate intervention plans and training programs aimed at common problems that appeared in different stages of nurses receiving standardized training,so that to promote the smooth transition from the newly engaged nurses to professional nurses.