Comparison of Indomethacin, Diclofenac and Aspirin-Induced Gastric Damage according to Age in Rats

Background/Aims

Aging gastric mucosa is known to have decreased mucosal defenses and increased susceptibility to injury by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Depending on the type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), the underlying mechanisms and the extent of damage to the stomach or intestine may differ. This study was performed to evaluate the acute gastric damage caused by different doses of indomethacin, diclofenac and aspirin in rats of various ages.

Methods

For the acute models, indomethacin (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg), diclofenac (40 or 80 mg/kg) or aspirin (100 mg/kg) was given to 7- and 25-week-old and 1-year-old Sprague-Dawley rats by intragastric gavage. The gross ulcer index, damage area as assessed by imaging, histological index, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and cytosolic phospholipase A₂ (cPLA₂) levels were measured after 24 hours.

Results

The gross ulcer index and damage area increased with age in the presence of three NSAIDs (p<0.05). The increases in MPO levels induced by diclofenac and aspirin were significantly higher in 1-year-old than 7-week-old rats (p<0.05). cPLA₂ expression induced by indomethacin (10 and 40 mg/kg) was greater in the 1-year-old rats, compared with 7-week-old rats (p<0.05).

Conclusions

NSAID-induced acute gastric damage increased in a dose- and age-dependent manner.