人体膈神经与副膈神经的组织化学研究

研究人体膈神经与副膈神经的运动纤维数量及有髓纤维截面积。方法：运用Ｋａｍｏｖｓｋｙ－Ｒｏｏｔｓ［１］乙酰胆碱酯酶组织化学方法，研究１２例成人膈神经及并存的５例副膈神经。对轴索内酶活性反应呈阳性的纤维，进行计数及纤维截面积图象分析。结果：膈神经与副膈神经绝大部分有髓纤维酶反应呈阳性，所含阳性有膈纤维分别为２６８６根、６３４根。膈神经与副膈神经并存时有髓纤维总数达３２１８根。有髓纤维截面积分别为１０３．８μｍ２、９４．７μｍ２。结论：膈神经含２６８６根运动纤维，有髓纤维截面积为１０３．８μｍ２，是良好的移位动力神经；副膈神经与其并存，有重要的临床意义。

Histochemical Study of the phrenic Nerve and Accessory Phrenic Nerve of the Humans

This study investigated the histological characteristics of the phrenic nerve and accessory phrenic nerve of the humans, by Karnovsky1] histochemical method for acetylcholinesterase (AChE). 12 phrenic nerves, 5 accessory phrenic nerves and 2 sural nerves were evaluated. In both the phrenic and accessory phrenic nerves, almost all the myelinated axons showed enzymatic activity, while the unmyelinated axons which showed strong enzymatic activity, were much less than those in the sural nerve. This phenomenon indicates the phrenic nerve might be pure motor nerve. The myelinated nerve fibers of the phrenic and accessory phrenic nerve were 2 686, 634,and the cross sectional areas were 103. 8m2 , 94. 7 m2 respectively. The total number of myelinated nerve fibers of the two nerves reached 3 218, while the accessory phrenic nerve existed. The results showed the phrenic nerve could he considered as the more favorable donor nerve for treatment of brachial plexus roots avulsion.