我国学龄儿童青少年血压与超重和肥胖的相关性研究

目的阐明儿童青少年时期高血压与超重和肥胖的相关性，为成年期疾病的早期预防提供相关依据。方法利用全国学生体质健康监测网络2004年监测结果，应用相关和偏相关分析的统计方法对146211名7～17岁儿童青少年的血压和体重指数的分布进行分析。结果各年龄组SBP和DBP均值均呈体重正常组〈超重组〈肥胖组的趋势；男生体重正常组高血压患病率为1．6％，超重组为4．2％，肥胖组为9．9％，女生高血压患病率也为体重正常组〈超重组〈肥胖组，差异均有统计学意义。对BMI与SBP及DBP进行相关分析，BMI与SBP的相关系数为0．392，BMI与DBP的相关系数为0．305（P〈0．05），与SBP和DBP的偏相关系数分别为0．240和0．171（P〈0．05）。同时，对各省城乡儿童青少年的血压偏高患病率与超重肥胖患病率进行Spearman等级相关分析，各省城乡儿童青少年收缩压和舒张压都高的患病率与肥胖患病率都有显著相关。结论儿童青少年超重和肥胖与高血压有显著的相关性。预防儿童青少年高血压应从预防超重和肥胖做起。

Correlative Study of Blood Pressure on Overweight and Obesity Among School-aged Children in China

Objective To validate the relationship between hypertension with overweight and obesity of 7-17 years old children and adolescents,and to provide bases for early prevention against adult diseases.Methods Based on the 2004 National Students Fitness and Health Surveillance,the subject of present study were 72 544 girls and 73 667 boys between 7-17 years old by multistage random sampling.Results The means of SBP and DBP in obesity group were the highest,following were those of overweight group and normal group.The prevalence of hypertension was 1.6% in the normal weight boys,(4.2%) in the overweight boys,while the prevalence was 9.9% in obesity boys(P<0.05).The prevalence of hypertension among the girls had the same tendency.The correlation coefficients between BMI with SBP,DBP were 0.392 and 0.305(P<0.05),and partial correlation coefficients were 0.240 and 0.171 respectively(P<0.05).The Spearman Correlation Analysis indicated that the prevalence of both SBP and DBP was significantly correlated with obesity.Conclusion There is significant relationship between high blood pressure and BMI among 7-17 years old children and adolescents.In order to prevent hypertension among children and adolescents,the priority is to prevent overweight and obesity.