节氧鼻导管的研制及其在氧疗中的节氧效率的观察

目的　研制节氧鼻导管，并探讨其在慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ） 患者中的节氧效率。方法　（１）利用吸气相给氧呼气相贮氧的原理，设计并制作节氧鼻导管；（２） 氧疗效果评定：在不同的氧流量（０－５、１－０、１－５、２－０ Ｌ／ｍｉｎ）下，采用随机、平行、交叉、对照方法，对节氧鼻导管及普通鼻导管氧疗２ 小时前后的动脉血气值进行分析，并监测氧疗后不同时间（１、３ 、５、１０、１５、３０、６０、１２０ ｍｉｎ）的经皮血氧饱和度（ＳｐＯ２）；（３）节氧效率评定：在不同的氧流量（０－５、１－０、１－５、２－０、２－５、３－０ Ｌ／ｍｉｎ）下，测定采用节氧鼻导管、国外同类产品、普通鼻导管氧疗５ 分钟前后的ＳｐＯ２ 值。结果　（１） 在不同的氧流量下，节氧鼻导管组氧疗２ 小时后，ＰａＯ２ 与ＳａＯ２ 值均较普通鼻导管组高（Ｐ＜０－０５）。（２） 在不同的氧流量下节氧效率分别为：氧流量０－５ Ｌ／ｍｉｎ 时节氧鼻导管的节氧效率为普通鼻导管的２－６ 倍；１－０ Ｌ／ｍｉｎ 时为１－８ 倍；１－５ Ｌ／ｍｉｎ 时为１－８ 倍；２－０ Ｌ／ｍｉｎ 时为１－５ 倍。（３） 节氧鼻导管与国外同类产品比较，节氧效率无显著差异（ Ｐ＞ ０－０５）。结论　节氧鼻导管的节氧效

The study of oxygen-conserving nasal cannula and evaluation of it's oxygen saving ratio in treatment]

OBJECTIVE: To study the oxygen-conserving nasal cannula(CNC), and to evaluate it's oxygen saving benefit ratio in COPD patients. METHODS: (1) CNC was designed as a device which conserved oxygen during exhalation and given oxygen during inhalation; (2) Evaluation of the effect of oxygen therapy: blood analysis was measured at different flows of oxygen (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 L/min) before and after oxygen therapy. The test is randomized; Oxygen saturation(SPO2) was measured at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 minutes by pulse oximeter; (3) Evaluation of the oxygen saving benefit ratio: SPO2 was measured at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 L/min using CNC, the standard nasal cannula (SCN) and the new CNC. RESULTS: (1) During two hours of oxygen therapy, the values of PaO2 and SaO2 in the CNC group were always higher than those in the SNC group (P < 0.05); (2) When the supply flow to CNC was set at 0.5 L/min, 1.0 L/min, 1.5 L/min, 2.0 L/min seperately, the oxygen saving benefit ratio of CNC to SNC was 2.6:1, 1.8:1, 1.8:1 and 1.5:1 respectively. (3) The oxygen saving benefit ratio was comparable between CNC made in China and that made in foreign country. CONCLUSIONS: It was confirmed that CNC saved oxygen at different flows of oxygen, and the oxygen saving benefit ratio was higher at lower flows than that at higher flows.