最小意识状态的定义、诊断标准及临床鉴别

最小意识状态可由急性脑损伤后昏迷或植物状态、变性或先天性神经系统疾病发展而来，有严重意识障碍，但病人既不符合昏迷也不符合植物状态的诊断，存存部分意识鉴别最小意识状态、昏迷及植物状态对于预后的判定有重要的意义。本文主要综述最小意识状念的定义、诊断标准、鉴别诊断及有关临床意义。

Minimally conscious state: definition, diagnostic criteria and clinical features of consciousness disorder

The minimally conscious state (MCS) results from coma or vegetative state (VS) after acute brain injury, also from degenerative or congenital nervous system disorders. These patients with severe disorders in consciousness do not meet diagnostic criteria for coma or VS. MCS is characterized by inconsistent but discernible behavioral evidence of consciousness. It is important to distinguish the patients in MCS from those in coma or VS because preliminary findings suggest that there are significant differences in outcome. In this article, the authors have summarized the definition, diagnostic criteria and clinical features of disorders of consciousness about the MCS.