老年高血压病证候分布规律的临床回顾性研究

目的探索老年高血压病的临床证候分布和演变规律,为该病证候规范化研究提供客观依据。方法以近10年来老年高血压病临床病历资料为研究对象,运用流行病学的研究方法,共纳入2029例病历,分别统计主要证候和兼夹证候的类型及出现频率。结果老年高血压病主要证候分布为肝肾阴虚(40.0%)、肾气亏虚(28.4%)、肝阳上亢(9.7%)、痰湿壅盛(7.4%)、瘀血阻络(6.6%)、痰瘀互结(5.7%)、肝火亢盛(1.1%),兼夹证候为肝阳上亢(26.5%)、痰湿壅盛(9.6%)、瘀血阻络(7.2%)、痰瘀互结(5.5%)、肾阴亏虚(3.7%)。结论老年高血压病临床主要证候以虚证为多,肾气亏虚是老年高血压病临床常见的证候类型,且大多以复合证候的形式出现,痰和瘀是最主要的兼夹证候。

Clinical Retrospective Study of Distribution of TCM Syndrome for Elderly Hypertension

Objective To analyse the distribution and evolution law of TCM syndrome for elderly hypertension （EH）, to provide evidence for syndrome standardization study. Methods Case history of 2 029 EH patients during recent ten years were investigated in the way of epidemiology. The main and complicated syndrome types were studied. Results The main syndrome types of EH were yin deficiency of liver and kidney （40.0%）, kidney qi deficiency （28.4%）, hyperactivity of liver-yang （9.7%）, excessive accumulation of phlegm-dampness （7.4%）, collateral obstruction by blood stasis （6.6%）, phlegm and blood stasis （5.7%）, liver-fire hyperactivity （1.1%）. The complicated syndrome types were liver-fire hyperactivity （26.5%）, excessive accumulation of phlegm-dampness （9.6%）, collateral obstruction by blood stasis （7.2%）, phlegm and blood stasis （5.5%）, kidney yin deficiency （3.7%）. Conclusion The distribution of EH TCM syndrome is mainly about deficiency syndromes, in which kidney qi deficiency syndrome is very common, and mostly complicated with phlegm and blood.