尿石症患者尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药模式分析

目的探讨泌尿外科尿石症住院患者尿路感染的病原菌分布和耐药特征,指导临床合理用药。方法收集泌尿外科尿石症住院患者清洁中段尿标本1244份,从中分离出406株病原菌,进行病原菌鉴定和药敏试验。结果尿石症患者尿路感染的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,共检出348株,占85.7%,革兰阳性球菌49株,占12.1%,真菌9株,占2.2%,排前5位的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌223株,占54.9%,肺炎克雷伯菌33株,占8.1%,葡萄球菌属30株（凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌23株、金黄色葡萄球菌7株）,占7.4%,肠杆菌属20株,占4.9%,肠球菌属15株,占3.7%,产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）革兰阴性杆菌的检出率为52.5%,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌的检出率为83.3%,葡萄球菌属对克林霉素诱导耐药的检出率为20.0%,耐万古霉素肠球菌的检出率为6.7%。结论革兰阴性杆菌为尿石症患者尿路感染的主要病原菌,对常用抗菌药物耐药率呈上升趋势,通过细菌培养和药物敏感性分析,对合理选用抗菌药物,治疗尿石症感染具有重要意义。

Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens Causing Urinary Infection among Patients with Urinary Calculus

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and antibiotic resistance of the pathogens causing urinary infection among the patients with urinary calculus.METHODS Totally 406 strains were isolated from the 1244 urinary specimens.The antibiotic susceptibility of these strains was detected.RESULTS The most of pathogens were G-bacteria(348,85.7%).G+ bacteria and fungi accounted for 12.1%(49/406),and(2.2%,9/406).The most popular pathogens were Escherichia coli(54.9%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(8.1%),Staphylococcus(7.4%)...