新生儿医院感染调查分析及对策

目的了解母婴同室新生儿医院感染的现状及原因，探讨母婴同室新生儿医院感染的临床特点，以便采取有针对性的对策。方法采用回顾性调查方法分析2007年1—12月本院母婴同室新生儿医院感染情况，并进行原因分析。结果新生儿医院内感染率为9．71％，以新生儿呼吸道感染为主，其次为胃肠道感染及脐部感染。早产儿的感染率较足月产儿高（P〈0．05），出生后1～3d新生儿较〉3d新生儿发生院内感染率高（P〈0．05）。结论新生儿感染以呼吸道、胃肠道、脐部感染为主，特别是早产儿；护理上应根据新生儿感染的特点，加强新生儿医院感染管理和消毒隔离制度。这是控制母婴同室新生儿医院感染的关键。特别是早产儿的防治工作尤为重要。

The characteristics of nosocomial infection of newborn infants and the strategies

Objective To investigate the status quo and the causes of nosocomial infection of direct rooming-in newborn infants and explore the characteristics of the infection so as to take corresponding strategies. Method Cases of nosocomial infection of direct rooming-in newborn infants were retrospectively analyzed from January to December 2007. Results The average infection rate was 9.71%. The respiratory tract infection took the lead, followed by the gastrointestinal infection and umbilical infection. The infection rate among premature infants was higher than that among those of term birth（P 〈 0.05）. The infection rate within 1 - 3 days was significantly different from that more than 3 days （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Strict management of nosocomial infection of direct rooming-in newborn infants and rigid manipulations of isolation and disinfection is key to control nosocomial infection of direct rooming-in newborn infants. The prevention and treatment of infections among premature infants is especially important.