肺移植病理的进展

肺移植是治疗终末期肺病的有效方法。肺移植病理的研究多集中在并发症病理方面。由于能够获取的病理组织很少,所以缺乏这方面的研究。有学者提出心肺移植术后应常规行支气管活检、支气管肺泡灌洗细胞学检查,而不是怀疑有排斥反应时才检查。经支气管肺活检是诊断排斥反应的金标准,应将其列为术后监护的常规项目,但因存在争议应用不多。术后常见的并发症有缺血再灌注损伤、排斥反应、感染等,这些都是影响术后生存率的重要原因,特别是慢性排斥反应更是影响心肺移植患者长we期生存的主要原因,需要进一步研究以明确其发病机制,开发更特异有效的防治药物。

Pathological Progress of Lung Transplantation

Lung transplantation(LTx)is an effective therapy for lung diseases in advanced stage.Pathological study of lung transplantation mainly focused on the pathology of its complication.We still lack of study relatd to this aspect because of little tissue acquired.Some scholars showed that patients with pulmonary and heart transplantation should conventionally have cytological examination of bronchial biopsy,bronchovesicular lavage,but do these till bearing suspicion of reject reaction.Transbronchial lung biopsy is the " gold standard " in diagnosing reject reaction,which should be considered as connon item of postoperative monitoring,but it is actually seldom used because of its many disputation.The common postoperative complication are ischemic reperfusion injury,reject reaction,infection and so on,which are the important causes affecting postoperative survival rate,especially chronic reject reaction is the main cause affecting long term suivival of pations with lung and heart transplantation,which needs further studying in order to recognize its mechanism of action as well as to explore specific and effective drugs of prevention and therapy.