麻黄碱滴鼻对高压氧治疗时耳部不良反应的影响

目的了解高压氧(HBO)治疗前不同的麻黄碱滴鼻方法对耳部不良反应的影响,以便采用有效的滴药方法。方法将首次行HBO治疗的300例患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组150例,两组患者均采用大型医用空气加压氧舱同舱治疗,第1、2、3天进舱前10min予麻黄碱滴鼻。观察组患者采用头后仰侧卧45°体位鼻腔滴药,对照组采用头后仰平卧位鼻腔滴药。两组患者均在每侧鼻腔滴1%盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻液3滴。出舱后检查鼓膜,询问有无耳堵、耳痛,并进行比较。结果观察组耳堵、耳痛、鼓膜损伤的发生率低于对照组,两组比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论 HBO治疗前采用头后仰侧卧45°体位麻黄碱滴鼻,可减少HBO时耳部不良反应,该方法滴鼻比头后仰平卧位更合理有效。

Study for the impacts on adverse reaction to ear caused by ephedrine hydrochloride nasal dropping in the process of hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Objective To learn the adverse reactions to ear occurred in hyperbaric oxygen（HBO） therapy using ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops. Method 300 patients first treated by HBO was randomly divided into observation group and control group,150 cases for each group.In the 1st,2nd and 3rd day,ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops was used before they were sent into large medical hyperbaric oxygen tank.Patients in observed group laid in lateral position of 45° with head leaning back,and those in control group were in horizontal position;three drops of 1% of ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops was used respectively into the nose and then checked their responses for comparison. Result swollen ear,earache,rate of tympanic membrane injury in observation group was obviously less than that of in control group,there was significant difference between the two groups（P0.05）. Conclusion Ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops put in lateral position of 45° with head leaning back before HBO therapy can reduce the possibilities of adverse reaction to ear.