Evaluation of Allergenicity on a ω-5 Gliadin-Deficient Cultivar in Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis |
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Authors: | Jongsun Lee Sung-Ryeol Kim Jong Han Park Kyung-Hee Park Kyoung Yong Jeong Jae-Hyun Lee Chon-Sik Kang Kyeong-Hoon Kim Jung-Won Park |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.;2.Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.;3.National Institute of Crop Science, Wanju, Korea. |
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Abstract: | Purposeω-5 gliadin is the major allergen that causes wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). Recently, a missing mutant wheat cultivar at 1B chromosome Glu-B3 and closely linked Gli-B1 loci was bred. This cultivar (ω5D) has a deficiency in ω-5 and γ-gliadins as well as some low-molecular-weight glutenins. We evaluated specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) reactivity of the ω5D in WDEIA patients compared to wild-type cultivar.MethodsSerum samples from 14 WDEIA and 7 classic wheat allergy patients were used to compare the allergenicity of ω5D and wild-type cultivars using immunoglobulin E immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and ImmunoCAP inhibition assays.ResultsImmunoblotting revealed that ω5D extracts had less sIgE binding to gliadins and glutenins in WDEIA sera than wild-type extracts. Immunoblot inhibition assay for gliadin sIgE reactivity also showed that ω5D gliadins had less allergenicity than wild-type gliadins. ELISA inhibition assay showed stronger allergenicity of gliadins than glutenins, although they had cross-reactivity. This assay also showed that the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of ω5D extracts against gliadin- or glutenin-sIgE reactivity were approximately 4-fold higher in WDEIA patients than those of wild-type extracts. The inhibition capacity of ω5D gliadins against recombinant ω-5 gliadin-sIgE reactivity was also lower in WDEIA patients than that of wild-type.ConclusionsThe allergenicity of the ω5D cultivar is markedly lower for WDEIA patients in the sIgE inhibition tests. These results suggest that the ω5D cultivar may be a safe alternative for WDEIA patients. |
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Keywords: | Food allergy wheat food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis gliadin glutenin |
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