健康教育联合长期有氧运动对老年男性抑郁戒毒人员心理、睡眠、体质的干预效果

目的 探讨健康教育联合长期有氧运动对老年男性抑郁戒毒人员心理、睡眠、体质的干预效果。方法 抽取贵州省某强制隔离戒毒所，处于康复巩固管理期的67名老年男性抑郁戒毒人员，随机分成两组（实验组34例，对照组33例）。对照组进行常规戒毒健康教育和康复治疗，实验组在此基础上增加团队健康教育指导（次/2周）和持续24周（5次/周）的中等强度有氧运动。对比两组干预前后抑郁指数、焦虑评分、睡眠评分及体质测试指标。结果 （1）干预前，两组受试者的抑郁指数、焦虑评分、PSQI评分以及体质检测指标差异无统计学意义。（2）与干预前相比，实验组抑郁指数、PSQI评分降低（t = 7.701、 - 2.188，P＜0.05），坐位体前屈、纵跳、俯卧撑测试成绩显著提升（t = - 5.567，- 6.295，- 2.588，P＜0.01）、闭眼单足站立测试成绩显著增加（t = - 2.048，P＜0.05）；对照组PSQI评分增加（t = - 3.205，P＜0.01）。（3）干预后，实验组抑郁指数、焦虑评分、PSQI评分均低于对照组（t = 8.204、2.547、2.415，P＜0.05），俯卧撑、坐位体前屈、纵跳测试成绩显著高于对照组（t = - 2.830、- 6.746、- 6.663，P＜0.01），反应时测试成绩显著低于对照组（t = 2.333，P＜0.05）。结论 健康教育联合长期有氧运动能够有效降低老年男性抑郁戒毒人员抑郁指数、改善焦虑、睡眠，提升其体质健康水平。

Intervention effect of health education combined with long-term aerobic exercise on psychology,sleep and physique of elderly male drug addicts with depression

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of health education combined with long-term aerobic exercise on psychology, sleep and physique of elderly male drug addicts with depression. Methods A total of 67 elderly male patients with depression were randomly divided into two groups(34 cases in the experimental group and 33 cases in the control group).The control group was given routine health education and rehabilitation treatment, and the experimental group was given team health education guidance every 2 weeks and moderate intensity aerobic exercise for 24 weeks(5 times every week). The depression index, anxiety score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results 1) before the intervention, there was no significant difference in depression index, anxiety score, PSQI score and physical fitness test between the two groups. 2) Compared with before intervention, the depression index and PSQI score of the experimental group decreased(t=7.701,-2.188, P<0.05), and the test scores of sitting body flexion distance,vertical jump height and number of push-ups increased significantly(t=-5.567,-6.295,-2.588, P<0.01), and the time of standing on one foot with eyes closed increased significantly(t =-2.048, P <0.05); the PSQI score of the control group increased significantly(t =-3.205, P<0.01). The scores of depression index, anxiety score and PSQI were lower than those of the control group(t=8.204, 2.547, 2.415, P<0.05), the scores of push up, sitting forward and vertical jump were significantly higher than those of the control group(t=-2.830,-6.746,-6.663, P<0.01), and the reaction time was significantly lower than that of the control group(t =2.333, P <0.05). Conclusion Health education combined with long-term aerobic exercise can effectively reduce the depression index and anxiety, improve sleep, and enhance physical health of elderly male drug addicts with depression.