某市2019年中小学生近视现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查某市2019年中小学生近视现状，探讨影响因素，为制定相应保护措施提供依据。 方法 采用横断面调查方法，按分层整群抽样，抽取12所学校学生2568人，检测学生视力，问卷调查影响因素，描述中小学生视力现状，对影响因素进行卡方分析，采用非条件logistic回归分析危险因素。 结果 郊县和城区不同年龄别学生的近视率呈现一致的上升趋势，但郊县的近视率略高于城区。年龄和遗传史，对城区和郊县学生近视都有影响。不同的是，城区学生，危险因素还包括性别（OR=1.460, 95%CI:1.087~1.961）、课后读写时长（OR=1.406, 95%CI:1.143~1.728）。郊县学生，危险因素还包括每天使用移动电子设备（OR=1.414, 95%CI:1.125~1.777）、住校（OR=1.590, 95%CI:1.132~2.234）。 结论 该市中小学生近视现患率高，郊县高于城区。城区与郊县学生近视的危险因素不同，郊县学生面临更多且可干预的危险因素，包括每天使用移动电子设备、住校。采取积极有效的预防措施，通过学校、社会、家庭共同努力，为学生创造健康良好的学习和成长环境。

The current status and influencing factors of myopia among primary and middle school students in a city, 2019

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of myopia among primary and middle school students in a city in 2019，to explore the influencing factors，and to provide a basis for formulating corresponding protective measures. Methods According to stratified cluster sampling，2 568 students from 12 schools in a certain city were selected. The cross － sectional survey method was used to detect students’ eyesight and investigate influencing factors through questionnaire survey. The data was used to describe the current situation of pupils’ eyesight. Chi － square analysis was performed on influencing factors and unconditional Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors. Results The myopia rate of students of different ages in suburban counties and urban areas showed a consistent upward trend，but the myopia rate in suburban counties was slightly higher than that in urban areas. The learning stage and genetic history had an impact on myopia in urban and suburban students. The difference was that for urban students，risk factors also included gender( OR = 1. 460，95% CI: 1. 087 － 1. 961)and the duration of reading and writing after school( OR = 1. 406，95% CI: 1. 143 － 1. 728) . For students in suburbs andcounties，risk factors also include the frequency of daily use of mobile electronic devices ( OR = 1. 414，95% CI: 1. 125 －1. 777) ，and living in school( OR = 1. 590，95% CI: 1. 132 － 2. 234) . Conclusion The prevalence of myopia among primary and middle school students in the city is high，and the suburbs and counties are higher than those in the urban areas. The risk factors for myopia of students in urban and suburban counties are different. Students in suburban counties are faced with more and intervenable risk factors，including the frequency of daily use of mobile electronic devices and living in school. Take active and effective preventive measures and create a healthy and good learning and growth environment for students through the joint efforts of school，society and family.