苏州市高血压患者膳食纤维摄入现状及与血压的关系

目的 本研究旨在了解高血压患者膳食纤维摄入与其血压控制的关系，为高血压患者开展针对性的营养干预提供依据。方法 于2019年3—10月选取符合纳入标准的240例高血压患者进行调查，运用一般资料调查表收集高血压患者的人口学资料及临床资料；运用3 d饮食日记收集患者日常饮食情况，并通过营养软件计算患者膳食纤维摄入量；收集患者的3 d血压，取其平均值。结果 高血压患者膳食纤维摄入水平较低，膳食纤维摄入量为（10.17±4.38）g/d，远低于膳食纤维最低推荐量（25 g/d）。调整混杂因素后，膳食纤维摄入量是高血压患者收缩压（B = - 0.362, P＜0.001, OR = 0.696, 95%CI: 0.606～0.799）和舒张压（B = - 0.132, P = 0.016, OR = 0.876, 95%CI: 0.787～0.976）控制的保护因素。结论 高血压患者膳食纤维摄入严重不足，是高血压患者血压控制不佳的重要影响因素。应加强膳食纤维与血压关系的宣教，增加膳食纤维的摄入，从而帮助控制该人群的血压。

Dietary fiber intake levels and its relationship with blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension in Suzhou

To investigate the dietary fiber intake levels and its relationship with blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension, so as to provide reference for targeted nutritional interventions for hypertensive patients. Methods From March to October 2019, 240 hypertensive patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected for the survey. Demographic and clinical data of the respondents were collected using the general information questionnaire; the daily diet information of patients was collected using the three-day diet diary to calculate dietary fiber intake with the use of nutritional software; and the three-day blood pressure and the mean value data of patients were collected. Results The average daily DF intake was (10.17±4.38) g, much lower than the minimum recommended amount of DF (25g/d) in patients with hypertension. After adjusting for confounding factors, the amount of DF intake was the protective factor of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (B=-0.362, P＜0.001, OR=0.696, 95%CI: 0.606-0.799) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (B=-0.132, P=0.016, OR=0.876, 95%CI: 0.787-0.976) in hypertension patients. Conclusion The dietary fiber intake in patients with essential hypertension in Suzhou is seriously insufficient, which is an important factor contributing to poor blood pressure control. Education on the relationship between dietary fiber and blood pressure should be strengthened to increase the intake of dietary fiber and therefore help control blood pressure.