贵州省黔南州农村少数民族中老年人群风湿性多肌痛的现况调查

目的 了解贵州省黔南州农村少数民族中老年人群风湿性多肌痛（polymyalgia rheumatic，PMR）的患病率现况。方法 于2018年1月—2020年10月，随机整群抽取50岁及以上农村少数民族中老年人群共99425名，采用问卷调查收集基本信息，影像学检查和实验室检查。依据《欧洲风湿病防治联合会/美国风湿病协会PMR标准(2012)》进行诊断。结果 本次调查最终入选研究的农村少数民族中老年人群99357名，PMR现患人数为57例，患病率为57.37/10万（57/99357），其中男性患病率36.99/10万（18/48 650），女性76.91/10万（39/50707），女性患病率高于男性（x2=6.893，P=0.005) 。50～59、60～69、70～79、80～97岁年龄组PMR患病率分别为29.16/10万、60.72/10万、94.44/10万和60.81/10万；布依族、苗族、水族、毛南族、瑶族PMR患病率分别为52.05/10万、43.36/10万、100.17/10万、69.16/10万、25.00/10万。不同民族间PMR患病率差异有统计学意义（x2=12.347，P=0.001）。三都县PMR患病率最高（140.26/10万），其次是平塘县（94.37/10万），长顺县最低（22.15/10万）。结论 黔南州农村少数民族中老年人群PMR患病率处于国外报道中等水平，其PMR患病率存在年龄、性别、民族、地域差异，水族中老年人群易患PMR，尤其是中老年女性。

Investigation of polymyalgia rheumatic in the middle-aged and elderly among minorities in Qiannan

Objective To investigate the prevalence of polymyalgia rheumatic( PMR) in middle-aged and elderly population including Buyi,Miao,Shui,Maonan and Yao in Qiannan,and to explore the distribution characteristics of PMRin different minorities by gender. Methods We carried out a questionnaire survey,routine physical checkup,imaging examination and laboratory tests among 99425 residents aged 50 ～ 97 years selected with random cluster sampling in rural Qiannan between January 2018 and October 2020. Diagnosis was based on the guideline for EULAR/ACR PMR diagnosis and treatment( 2012). Results In this survey,Among 99 357 middle-aged and elderly people of rural ethnic minorities were selected,57 resident with PMR,the prevalencewas57. 37/100 000( 57/99 357),36. 99/100 000 for male( 18/48 650) and 76. 91/100 000 for female( 39/50 707). There was significant difference in prevalence of male and female( χ2= 6. 893,P = 0. 005). The prevalence rates of 50-59,60-69,70-79 and 80-97 years groups were 29. 16/100 000,60. 72/100 000,94. 44/100 000,60. 81/100 000,respectively. The prevalence increased with age,it peaked at the age of 70 and above,and decreased at the age of 80 and above. The prevalence rates of Buyi,Miao,Shui,Maonan and Yao nationalities were 52. 05/100 000,43. 36/100 000,100. 17/100 000,69. 16/100 000,25. 00/100 000,respectively. There were significant differences in the prevalence of PMR among different nationalities( χ2= 12. 347,P = 0. 001). The top three prevalence ratesof PMR are Sandu County( 140. 26/100 000),Pingtang county( 94. 37/100 000) and Changshun county( 22. 15/100 000) of Qiannan. Conclusion The prevalence of PMR in the middle-aged level of foreign reports. There were age,gender,ethnic and region differences in prevalence of PMR. People of Shui were susceptible to PMR compared with other ethnics,especially for the middle-age and the elderly.