山东省2019年中小学校教学环境调查

目的 调查山东省中小学教学环境卫生学现状。方法 2019年8月至12月，采用多阶段随机抽样方法随机抽取山东省16地市213所中小学校的1287间教室，对教学环境的教室人均面积、课桌/椅分配、黑板尺寸、教室采光、照明及噪声进行监测并计算各项指标的合格率。结果 合格率最低的是黑板面照度，为24.46%，小学、初中和高中分别为22.38%，26.24%和24.75%，差异无统计学意义。课桌椅分配符合率为31.46%，小学、初中和高中分别为25.06%，35.77%和33.59%，差异有统计学意义。教室人均面积合格率为43.52%，小学、初中和高中分别为31.32%，44.06%和55.48%，小学的合格率明显低于中学。其余项目的合格率在50%~77%之间。城区和郊县学校在教室人均面积、黑板、黑板面照度均匀度、课桌面照度和照度均匀度合格率的差异具有统计学意义，其中郊县学校的黑板面和课桌面照度均匀度合格率高于城区，其他项目合格率低于城区学校。结论 山东省中小学教学环境教室人均面积、课桌椅分配符合率和教室照明等方面还存在一些问题，需要相关部门采取措施来改善教学环境。

Survey on the teaching environment in Shandong, 2019

To evaluate the current situation of teaching environment in primary and middle schools in Shandong Province. Methods From August to December 2019, teaching environments of 1 287 classrooms in 213 primary and middle schools in Shandong Province selected by a multi-stage random sampling method were monitored, and the qualified rates of classroom area per capita, desk/chair allocation, blackboard size, classroom lighting, illumination and noise were calculated. Results The blackboard surface illuminance had the lowest qualified rate, which was 24.46%. The rates for primary school, junior high school and high school were 22.38%, 26.24% and 24.75%, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant. The conformity rate of the allocation of desks and chairs was 31.46%, and were 25.06%, 35.77% and 33.59% in primary school, junior high school and high school, respectively. The difference was statistically significant. The qualified rate of classroom area per capita was 43.52%, and were 31.32%, 44.06% and 55.48% for primary school, junior high school and high school respectively. The qualified rate of primary school was significantly lower than that of middle school. The qualified rates of the remaining projects were between 50%-77%. The differences of qualified rates in the per capita area of classrooms, blackboard and blackboard surface illumination uniformity, the illumination and illumination uniformity of the desk surface between urban and suburban schools were statistically significant. Among them, suburban schools had high qualified rates of illumination uniformity of blackboard and desk surface, and the qualified rates of other items were lower than that of urban schools. Conclusion There are many problems in the teaching environment of primary and secondary schools in Shandong Province. Relevant departments should be concerned about that and take action.