绿色空间暴露的人群健康效应研究进展

目的 已有研究发现绿色空间暴露与人群健康效应存在统计学关联，本文对探讨绿色空间暴露与各类健康结局相关性的研究展开系统综述，对相关研究的设计、方法、结果及结论进行了梳理。方法 在中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct数据库检索2000年1月至2019年12月国内外关于绿色空间暴露与各类健康结局的相关性研究28篇。结果 绿色空间暴露主要采用归一化植被指数（NDVI）、土壤调节植被指数（SAVI）、绿色空间百分比等指标量化；研究关注的人群健康效应主要包括心理健康状况、高血压患病率、糖尿病患病率、肥胖率等健康效应，且绿色空间长期暴露与健康效应的改善有显著关联。结论 长期暴露于绿色空间会产生有利的健康影响，但目前的研究存在研究较少、研究区域覆盖不足、研究结果尚未一致等局限性。未来应继续开展广泛相关研究，从公共卫生健康防护角度为城市绿地规划提供决策依据。

Advances in green space exposure associated public health effects

To review the relative studies on the relationship between green space exposure and various health outcomes, and to summarize the study design, methods, results and conclusions. Methods 28 studies on the association between green space exposure and various health outcomes were retrieved from CNKI, WanFang Data, PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct from January 2000 to December 2019. Results The results showed that green space exposure was mainly measured by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), percentage of green space and other indicators. The health outcomes of the studies mainly include mental health status, incidence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity and other health effects, and long-term exposure to green space was significantly associated with the improvement of health effects. Conclusion Long-term exposure to green space will benefit population health. Limitations such as inadequate researches, insufficient coverage of research area, and inconsistent research results need to be addressed in the future studies. In-depth research should be carried out to provide decision-making support for urban green space planning from the perspective of public health.