微塑料生殖和胚胎发育毒性的研究进展

目的 研究发现微塑料（粒径小于5 μm的塑料颗粒）在低等生物和哺乳动物中均可诱导生殖毒性和胚胎发育毒性。本文对微塑料在生殖和胚胎中的毒性效应和作用机制进行综述,可为预防和控制微塑料所致生殖毒性提供理论基础和科学依据。方法 以微塑料、暴露途径、毒性机制、生殖毒性、胚胎毒性为关键词在中国知网、PubMed 等数据库检索相关文献,并对国内外相关文献进行归纳与总结。结果 综述微塑料暴露途径及其转运和代谢分布、全面系统地概述微塑料生殖和胚胎发育毒性效应及毒性机制。结论 研究发现微塑料在低等生物和哺乳动物中均可诱导生殖毒性和胚胎发育毒性,但微塑料所致生殖毒性主要局限在表型研究,目前仍缺乏针对微塑料生殖毒性作用机制的系统研究,同时需在人群层面进一步研究。

Research advance in reproductive and embryonic development toxicity of microplastics

e Cumulative data have indicated that microplastics lead to reproductive toxicity both in lower organismsand mammal models. We reviewed the exposure pathway, transport and metabolism of microplastics, and further reviewed thetoxic effects and mechanisms of microplastics on reproduction and embryonic development. Our work will gain further insightinto the toxic effects and mechanisms of microplastics in embryo and reproduction to provide reference for the prevention andcontrol of microplastic -induced reproductive toxicity. Methods The keywords of microplastics, exposure route, toxicitymechanism, reproductive toxicity, embryotoxicity were used to search in the databases of China Knowledge Network andPubMed, and the related literature at home and abroad were summarized. Results The exposure pathways, transport andmetabolic distribution of microplastics were reviewed, and the reproductive and embryonic toxicity effects and toxicitymechanisms of microplastics were comprehensively and systematically outlined. Conclusion Microplastics are found to inducereproductive and embryonic developmental toxicity in both lower organisms and mammals, but the reproductive toxicity ofmicroplastics is mainly limited to phenotypic studies, and there is still a lack of systematic studies on the mechanism ofmicroplastic reproductive toxicity and population level investigation