中国老年居民抑郁症状现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解我国老年居民抑郁症状的流行现状及其影响因素。方法 采用中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2018年最新调查数据，共纳入60岁及以上老年居民7 138人，对不同特征的老年居民抑郁症状进行单因素分析，拟合两水平logistic回归模型探讨影响因素。结果 中国老年居民抑郁症状检出率为30.7%。多水平模型拟合结果表明数据在高水平单位存在聚集性，其层次结构不能忽略。农村户口（OR=1.32，95%CI:1.02~1.70）、女性（OR=1.48，95%CI:1.29~1.69）、未婚（OR=2.69，95%CI:1.44~5.04）、离婚及丧偶（OR=1.99，95%CI:1.70~2.33）、文化程度越低、人均年收入越低的老年居民发生抑郁症状的风险更高（P<0.05）；自评健康状况良好的老年居民发生抑郁症状的风险更低（OR=0.25，95%CI:0.22~0.29）；幸福感得分越高的老年居民发生抑郁症状的风险较低（OR=0.76，95%CI=0.74~0.78）。结论 中国老年居民抑郁情况目前仍十分严峻，抑郁的疾病负担在不断增加，应该采取强有力的干预措施，改善抑郁症状在老年居民中的流行和预防抑郁症的发生。

Current status of depressive symptoms and their influencing factors among elderly Chinese residents

To investigate the current prevalence of depressive symptoms among elderly residents and their influencing factors in China Methods Data from the latest China Family Panel Studies ( CFPS ) in 201 8 was used A total of 7 ，1 3 8 elderly residents aged 60 and above was included Univariate analysis was performed on the depressive symptoms of elderly residents with different characteristics，and a two －level logistic regression model was fitted to explore the influencing factors Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms among Chinese elderly residents was 30 7 ％ The fitting results of multilevel model indicated the aggregation of data at high levels of units，whose hierarchical structure could not be ignored Elderly residents with rural household registration ( OR ＝1 32，95 ％ CI:1 02 －1 70 ) ，female gender ( OR ＝1 48 ，95 ％ CI: 1 29 －1 69 ) ，unmarried marital status ( OR＝2 69，95 ％ CI:1 44－5 04 ) ，divorced or widowed marital status ( OR ＝1 99， 95 ％ CI:1 70－2 33 ) ，lower education level and lower per capita annual income were at higher risk of depressive symptoms ( all P＜0 05 ) ，while elderly residents with good self－rated health were at lower risk of depressive symptoms ( OR ＝0 25 ， 95 ％ CI:0 22－0 29 ) ，and elderly residents with higher happiness scores had a lower risk of developing depressive symptoms (OR＝0 76，95 ％ CI＝0 74－0 78 ) Conclusion The depression situation of Chinese elderly residents is still very severe， and the disease burden of depression is increasing We should take strong intervention measures to improve the prevalence of depression symptoms among elderly residents and prevent the occurrence of depression