2016—2020年泸州市农村集中式供水水质监测分析

目的 了解泸州市2016—2020年农村集中式供水卫生状况和变化趋势，为进一步提高制水和供水质量提供科学依据和参考意见。 方法 收集泸州市2016—2020年农村集中式供水监测数据，对照GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对水质进行分析评价。结果 2016—2020年共检测农村水样2697份，总合格率为81.31%，呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=27.265，P<0.001）；不同处理方式、消毒方式、消毒设备使用和有无卫生许可证与水质合格率有关（P<0.05），不同供水方式、水期、水源类型和水样类型与水质合格率无关（P>0.05）；浑浊度、总大肠菌群、游离氯/二氧化氯、菌落总数、耗氧量等指标合格率相对较低；年份（P<0.001，OR=1.222）、消毒方式（P=0.002，OR=1.407）、消毒设备使用（P<0.001，OR=4.024）、卫生许可证（P<0.001，OR=2.001）和处理方式（P=0.028，OR=3.205）这5个变量与水质总体合格情况有关。结论 泸州市农村集中式供水卫生状况总体较好，近五年水质呈上升的趋势，微生物、消毒剂和浑浊度等是影响水质合格率的主要指标，卫生许可和监管、水处理和消毒设施是否完善和正确使用是重要因素，建议采取相应措施持续提升供水水质。

Monitoring and analysis of rural central water supply quality in Luzhou, 2016—2020

To understand the sanitary status and changing trend of rural central water supply in Luzhou City from2016 to 2020，so as to provide scientific basis and reference for further improving the quality of water － making and watersupply. Methods The monitoring data of rural central water supply in Luzhou City from 2016 to 2020 were collected，and thewater quality was analyzed and evaluated by comparing with GB 5749 － 2006. Ｒesults From 2016 to 2020，a total of 2 697rural water samples were tested，and the overall qualified rate was 81. 31% ，showing an upward trend ( χ2 = 27. 265，P ＜0. 001) . Different treatment methods，disinfection methods，the use of disinfection equipment and the presence or absence ofsanitary licenses were related to the qualified rate of water quality ( P ＜ 0. 05) . The water supply mode，water period，watersource type and water sample type were not related to the water quality qualified rate ( P ＞ 0. 05) . The qualified rates ofturbidity，total coliform bacteria，free chlorine /chlorine dioxide，total colony and oxygen consumption were relatively low. Thefive variables of year ( P ＜ 0. 001，OＲ = 1. 222) ，mode of disinfection ( P = 0. 002，OＲ = 1. 407) ，use of disinfection equipment( P ＜ 0. 001，OＲ = 4. 024) ，sanitary certificate ( P ＜ 0. 001，OＲ = 2. 001) and treatment mode ( P = 0. 028，OＲ = 3. 205) wererelated to the water quality. Conclusion The sanitary condition of rural central water supply in Luzhou City is generally good，and the water quality has been on the rise in the past five years. Microorganisms，disinfectants and turbidity are the mainindicators affecting the qualified rate of water quality. Sanitation licensing and supervision，water treatment and disinfectionfacilities and proper use are important factors. It is recommended to take appropriate measures to continuously improve thequality of water supply.