饮食干预联合等长抗阻力运动对GDM患者血糖及妊娠结局的影响

目的 探讨饮食干预联合等长抗阻力运动对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血糖控制效果及妊娠结局的影响.方法 采取前瞻性研究方法,选取2014年1月至2015年12月攀枝花市妇幼保健院诊治的120例GDM患者,根据患者就诊顺序分为运动组和常规组各60例,两组患者均给予常规降糖治疗及饮食指导,运动组同时在医生指导下进行等长抗阻力运动,对比两组血糖控制效果及妊娠结局.结果 干预前,两组患者的FPG、2hPG、睡前血糖、HbAIc水平差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为0.608、0.733、0.516、0.817,均P>0.05);干预后,运动组患者的FPG、2hPG、睡前血糖、HbAIc水平均显著低于常规组患者(t值分别为2.287、2.918、3.374、5.290,均P<0.05);运动组患者的FPG、2hPG、睡前血糖达标率均显著的高于常规组患者(χ2值分别为4.615、6.114、6.984,均P<0.05);运动组患者的胎膜早破、剖宫产率均显著低于常规组患者(χ2值分别为4.227、4.232,均P<0.05);运动组新生儿高胆红素血症发生率显著的低于常规组患者(χ2=4.183,P<0.05).结论 饮食干预联合等长抗阻力运动对GDM患者的血糖控制效果更好,有利于减少妊娠并发症.

Effects of dietary intervention combined with isometric resistive exercise on bloodglucose control and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective To investigate the effects of dietary intervention combined with isometric resistive exercise on blood glucose control and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods Prospective study was conducted on 120 GDM patients treated in Panzhihua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital during the period of January 2014 to December 2015.According to the order of treatment, the patients were divided into exercise group and conventional group with 60 patients in each group.Patients in two groups were given conventional therapy and hypoglycemic dietary guidance, and the exercise group was provided with isometric resistive exercise under doctor''s guidance.Two groups were compared in blood glucose control and pregnancy outcomes.Results Before intervention, FPG, 2hPG, bedtime blood glucose level and HbAIc level of patients in two groups were not statistically different (t value was 0.608, 0.733, 0.516 and 0.817, respectively, all P>0.05).After intervention, FPG, 2hPG, bedtime blood glucose and HbAIc level of patients in the exercise group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group (t value was 2.287, 2.918, 3.374 and 5.290, respectively, all P<0.05).In the exercise group, standard-reaching rates of FPG, 2hPG and bedtime blood glucose of patients were significantly higher than those of patients in the conventional group (χ2 value was 4.615, 6.114 and 6.984, respectively, all P<0.05).Incidence of premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section rate and incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the exercise group were remarkably lower than those in the conventional group (χ2 value was 4.227, 4.232 and 4.183, respectively, all P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary intervention combined with isometric resistive exercise is effective for blood glucose control in patients with GDM, and it helps to reduce pregnancy complications.