化疗药物配制时是否严格遵守卫生防护规范所致职业危害的回顾性前瞻研究

目的 回顾分析化疗药物配制时是否严格遵守卫生防护规范所致职业危害的差异性.方法 按照既定标准随机选择吉林省肿瘤医院220名在职护士为调查对象,回顾过去半年是否严格遵守《抗肿瘤药物应用的卫生防护规范》进行抗肿瘤药物操作,从严格和未严格遵守防护规范护士中各随机选择73名护士分别作为标准组和非标准组研究对象,观察两组护士白细胞下降、脱发、皮肤过敏的出现人数,检测肝功能(ALT、AST)数值,比较两组护士相应指标之间的差异是否具有统计学意义.结果 标准组73名护士中,19例出现白细胞下降,15例出现脱发,18例出现皮肤过敏,ALT为(11.83±5.73)IU/L,AST为(18.11±3.70)IU/L;非标准组73名护士中,48例出现白细胞下降,28例出现脱发,39例出现皮肤过敏,ALT为(15.82±10.28)IU/L,AST为(20.65±4.70)IU/L,假设检验表明两组护士白细胞下降、脱发和皮肤过敏发生率以及肝功能(ALT、AST)观测值之间的差异均有统计学意义.结论 严格遵守《抗肿瘤药物应用的卫生防护规范》的护理人员能够有效降低职业危害,肿瘤化疗护士在应用抗肿瘤药物时要严格按照防护标准进行操作,管理人员应通过培训加强监管等手段增强其防护意识.

Retrospective and prospective study on occupational hazards caused by whether strictly abiding by the health protective regulations when dispensing chemotherapy medicine

Objective To retrospectively analyze the difference of occupational hazards caused by whether strictly abiding by the health protective regulations when dispensing chemotherapy medicine.Methods A total of 220 on-the-job nurses of Jilin Tumor Hospital were randomly chosen as the investigation objects according to the established standards and whether the operation of dispensing chemotherapy medicine according to the standard of antitumor drug application for health protection was conducted strictly during the past half year was retrospectively analyzed.73 nurses strictly abiding by the health protective regulations were taken as the standard group,while another 73 nurses not strictly abiding by the health protective regulations were taken as the non-standard group.The number of nurses of the two groups with WBC decline,hair loss,skin allergy were observed.Liver function (ALT,AST) was detected.The differences in terms of the corresponding index between the nurses of two groups were compared to see whether the differences were statistically significant.Results Among the 73 nurses of the standard group,19 were found white blood cells decline,15 were found hair loss,18 were found skin allergy and ALT was (11.83±5.73) IU/L,AST was (18.11±3.70) IU/L.While among the 73 nurses of the non-standard group,48 were found white blood cells,28 were found hair loss,39 were found skin allergy,ALT was (15.82±10.28 mm) IU/L,AST was (20.65±4.70) IU/L.Supposing tests showed that the differences in terms of white blood cell decline,hair loss,skin allergy and detecting indicators of the two groups were statistically significant.Conclusion The nurses who strictly follow The application of anti-tumor drugs on health protective regulations can effectively reduce the occupational hazards.The chemotherapy nurses should strictly conduct the operation when applying the anti-tumor drugs.Management staffs should enhance the supervising methods by training to improve their awareness of protection.