西安某医院1994名产妇产后抑郁发生的相关因素分析

目的 探讨西安高新医院产妇产后抑郁发生率及相关因素.方法 通过随机抽样法对西安市高新医院分娩的1994名产妇进行问卷调查以了解其产后出现抑郁的情况及影响因素分析.结果 产妇产后有593例出现抑郁,其发生率为33.71%(593/1759);单因素分析结果显示产妇在婴儿性别、新生儿性别接受度、产次、喂养方式、夫妇关系、家庭支持、月子主要照护者及母亲角色适应对比均存在明显差异(χ2值分别为32.86、39.86、4.53、28.87、7.98、43.87、37.96、4.14、3.97,均P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:产次(OR=0.32,95% CI:0.01~0.96)、夫妇关系(OR=7.46,95% CI:3.76~14.82)、家庭支持(OR=5.21,95% CI:2.29~11.86)及母亲角色适应(OR=4.90,95%CI:1.74~13.86)均是其产后出现抑郁的影响因素.结论 产妇产后出现抑郁的发生率较高,产次是其重要影响因素,对初产妇者进行孕产相关知识教育,院内尽可能提供舒适的疗养环境,可以降低其产后出现抑郁的发生率.

Related factors of postpartum depression in 1994 cases in a hospital in Xi'an

Objective To investigate the incidence rate and related factors of postpartum depression in Xi'an Hi-tech Hospital. Methods Totally 1 994 puerperas in Xi'an Hi-tech Hospital were investigated by questionnaire to analyze the incidence and influence factors of postpartum depression.Results There were 593 cases of postpartum depression,with the incidence rate of 33.71%(593/1 759).The results of single factor analysis showed that the infant gender,neonatal gender acceptance,parity,infant feeding pattern,marital relationship,family support,confinement of main caregivers and maternal role adaptation were significantly different among cases(χ2value was 32.86,39.86,4.53,28.87,7.98,43.87,37.96,4.14 and 3.97,respectively,all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that parity(OR=0.32,95% CI:0.01-0.96),marital relationship(OR=7.46,95% CI:3.76-14.82),family support(OR=5.21,95% CI:2.29-11.86)and maternal role adaptation(OR=4.90,95% CI:1.74-13.86)were the important influencing factors of postpartum depression.Conclusion The incidence of maternal postpartum depression is high, and parity is an important influencing factor.The measures of giving related maternal knowledge education and providing a comfortable environment as far as possible in the hospital should be taken to reduce the incidence rate of postpartum depression.