儿童家长对预防接种相关知识需求的调查

目的 分析儿童家长对预防接种相关知识的需求及多种途径健康宣教的效果.方法 选取2014年12月至2016年6月期间在泸州市人民医院进行预防接种的儿童家长1 071例,对其进行预防接种相关知识需求的问卷调查及健康宣教,并对结果进行分析.结果 大专及以上学历的家长对预防接种相关知识的需求率远高于其他学历家长(χ2=30.77,P<0.01);与流动人口相比,本地户籍家长预防接种相关知识需求率较高(χ2=24.84,P<0.01).家长最易接受的健康宣教途径为面对面宣教和电话随访宣教,分别占73.11%(783/1 071)、70.87%(759/1 071).家长对儿童预防接种后的注意事项及不良反应的需求率较高,分别占93.84%(1 005/1 071)、92.62%(992/1 071).结论 流动人口和高中及以下学历家长应该作为健康宣教的重点人群.在健康宣教的途径上,医护人员应多采取面对面宣教和电话随访宣教,并适当增加儿童预防接种后的注意事项及不良反应等内容.

Investigate of demands of parents for vaccination related knowledge

Objective To explore the demands of parents for vaccination related knowledge and analyze the effect of various health education approaches.Methods From December 2014 to June 2016 totally 1 071 parents of children for vaccination in Luzhou People's Hospital were selected.A questionnaire survey on demands for vaccination related knowledge was conducted and health education was provided.Results The demands for knowledge about vaccination of parents with college degree or above were higher than other parents (χ2=30.77,P<0.01).Compared with the floating population, the local household had a higher demand rate of vaccination related knowledge with significant difference (χ2=24.84, P<0.01).The most acceptable health education approaches were face-to-face education and telephone follow-up, which occupied 73.11% (783/1 071) and 70.87% (759/1 071), respectively.For the content of health education, the demands of parents for precautions and adverse reactions after vaccination were higher, accounting for 93.84% (1 005/1 017) and 92.62% (992/1 071), respectively.Conclusion Floating population and low educated parents should be the focus of health education.In the approaches of health education, health care workers should take more face-to-face education and telephone follow-up and add precautions and adverse reactions after vaccination appropriately.