精神分裂症患者心理防御机制及人格特征

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者的心理防御机制和人格特征以及二者之间的关系.方法 分别运用防御方式问卷(DSQ)和明尼苏达多项个性调查袁(MMPI)对46例精神分裂症患者和45例正常人对照进行防御方式评定和人格特征测定.结果 精神分裂症组同对照组相比,不成熟及中间型防御机制差异有显著性(P＜0.05).精神分裂症患者MMPI中9个量表得分均高于正常对照组;精神分裂症患者的不成熟防御机制同精神病态、偏执、精神分裂、轻躁狂存在显著正相关(P＜0.05);成熟防御机制同社会内向存在负相关;中间型防御机制同癔症呈负相关(P＜0.05),同偏执、轻躁狂呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 精神分裂症患者更多地使用不成熟防御机制和中间型防御机制,存在病态的人格特征,且二者之间存在明显的相关性.

The study of psychological defense mechanism and personality in schizophrenia

Objective To explore the characteristics and relationships between psychological defense mechanism and personality in schizophrenia. Methods A total of 46 patients with schizophrenia and 45 normal subjects were included in psychological defense mechanism test using Defense Style Questionnaire （DSQ） and personality test with Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory （MMPI）. Results Immature and intermediate defense mechanisms were significantly different （P〈 0.05） between schizophrenia and normal subjects. Comparing with normal subjects, patients with schizophrenia showed higher scores in 9 subscales of MMPL Immature defense mechanisms were significantly （P 〈 0.05） and positively correlated with psychosis, paranoia, schizophrenia, hypomania in patients with schizophrenia. A significant （P 〈0. 05） and negative correlation was revealed between mature defense mechanism and social introversion. Intermediate defense mechanism was negatively correlated with hysterical （P 〈 0.05） and positively correlated with paranoia and hypomania （P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions Patients with schizophrenia have pathological personality traits and use more immature and intermediate defense mechanisms. Pathological personality traits were significantly correlated with immature and intermediate defense mechanisms in schizophrenia.