庆大霉素及其代谢产物耳蜗毛细胞毒性比较及Ca2+、Mg2+对庆大霉素毒性的影响

目的：比较庆大霉素（GM）及其代谢产物的耳蜗毛细胞毒性，以及Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺对GM耳毒性的影响。方法：①取10只小鼠的耳蜗螺旋器（20个），随机分为2组（n=10），分别在含0.1 mol·L^-1 GM与0.1 mol·L^-1GM代谢产物的培养液中培养48 h后，记数残留的耳蜗毛细胞数；②取10只小鼠的耳蜗螺旋器（20个），随机分为2组（n=10），分别在含0.1 mol·L^-1 GM与0.1 mol·L^-1GM+3% CaCl2的培养液中培养48 h后，记数残留的耳蜗毛细胞数；③取10只小鼠的耳蜗螺旋器（20个），随机分为2组（n=10），分别在含0.1 mol·L^-1 GM与0.1 mol·L^-1GM+3% MgSO4的培养液中培养48 h后，记数残留的耳蜗毛细胞数。结果：0.1 mol·L^-1 GM与0.1 mol·L^-1肝脏 GM代谢产物相比较，毛细胞残留数差异无显著性（P>0.05）；培养液中加入3% CaCl₂、MgSO_{4< /sub>时的毛细胞残留数明显增多（P<0.01）。结论：GM的耳蜗毛细胞毒性与GM代谢产物无关；Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺可能成为GM耳蜗毛细胞毒性的拮抗剂。}

Comparison of toxicities between gentamicin and its metabolite in cochlea hair cells and effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on toxicity of gentamicin

Objective To compare the toxicities between gentamicin and its metabolite,and study the effects of Ca~(2+)and Mg~(2+) on the toxicity gentamicin.Methods ①The spiral organ of corti of 10 mice(20 ears) were taken,and divided into 2 groups randomly(n=10),cultured in 0.1 mol·L~(-1) gentamicin and the metabolite of 0.1 mol·L~(-1) gentamicin for 48 h,then the number of hair cells remain was recorded;②The spiral organ of corti of 10 mice were taken(20 ears),and divided into 2 groups randomly(n=10), 3% CaCl_2 and 0.1 mol·L~(-1) GM were mixed in the culture medium and the number of hair cells remain in the two medium mentioned above were recorded;③The spiral organ of corti of 10 mice were taken(20 ears),divided into 2 groups randomly(n=10),3% MgSO_4 to(0.1 mol·L~(-1)) GM were mixed in the culture medium,the number of hair cells remain in the two medium mentioned above were recorded.Results It was not significant difference between 0.1 mol·L~(-1) GM and the metabolite of(0.1 mol·L~(-1)) gentamicin(P>0.05);but when 3% CaCl_2 or MgSO_4 were mixed in the culture medium,the number of the survived hair cells was observably increased(P<0.01).Conclusion The toxicity of GM to the cochlea hair cells has nothing to do with its metabolite;Ca~(2+)and Mg~(2+) may act as antagonist to the toxicity of GM in cochlea hair cells.