短暂性脑缺血发作患者早期预后及相关因素的分析

目的探讨影响短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者早期预后及相关的危险因素。方法选择TIA患者64例,根据是否发生脑梗死分为7 d脑梗死组16例、30 d脑梗死组9例和无脑梗死组39例,对患者进行ABCD2评分和影像检查,分析影响早期预后的危险因素。结果 3组患者性别、年龄、高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、脑卒中病史等方面差异无统计学意义(P0.05);与无脑梗死组比较,7 d脑梗死组和30 d脑梗死组患者的ABCD2评分明显增高,颈内动脉狭窄或软斑发生率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),弥散加权成像阳性合并大血管狭窄或软斑的发生率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 TIA后短期脑梗死的发生与ABCD2评分、弥散加权成像阳性及颈内动脉粥样硬化关系密切,就诊时间延迟也影响患者的预后。

Analysis of early prognosis and associated risk factors in patients with transient ischemic attack

Objective To explore the early outcomes and associated risk factors in the patients with transient ischemic attack.Methods Sixty-four patients hospitalized for TIA were divided into three groups according to with or without cerebral infarction,including cerebral infarction onset within 7 days,cerebral infarction onset within 30 days and no-cerebral infarction.The risk factors affecting early prognosis of TIA were analyzed.Results ABCD2 scores of the two cerebral infarction groups were higher than those of no-cerebral infarction group respectively,and the difference was extremely significant (P < 0.01).The incidences of internal carotid artery stenosis and soft plaques were more common in cerebral infarction groups than in no-cerebral infarction group,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01).There were more patients with positive DWI and large-vessel stenosis or unstable atherosclerotic plaques in two cerebral infarction groups than in no-cerebral infarction group (P < 0.05).Conclusion The early stroke occurrence after TIA is related to ABCD2 score,DWI-positivity and the internal carotid artery atherosclerosis.Delay of seeking medical advice also affects the prognosis of patients with TIA.