中国西部两县6～36月龄婴幼儿喂养指数与生长发育的多重对应分析

目的：采用多重对应分析探讨中国西部农村婴幼儿喂养指数与生长发育指标在不同类别上的对应关系。方法：从中国西部陕西省和重庆市符合研究条件的农业县中随机抽取到两个样本县，于2010年9～11月对两县6～36月龄472例早产/低出生体重儿（premature/low birth weight infant，PLBW）和461例正常足月儿（normal term infant，NT）的喂养和生长发育情况进行调查，用SPSS 19.0统计软件对相关数据进行常规统计方法的分析和多重对应分析。结果：在中国西部两县，婴幼儿喂养指数在中等水平的比例最高，为50%～60%。在PLBW组和NT组中，6～9月龄的婴幼儿喂养指数不合格率较其他月龄要高，其中PLBW组为33.3%，NT组为29.4%，在PLBW组和NT组中，各个年龄组之间的喂养指数差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对于喂养指数得分差的婴幼儿，PLBW组的生长发育指标较NT组落后，对于喂养指数得分中或优的婴幼儿，PLBW有追赶生长的趋势，但生长发育指标仍较同等喂养条件下的NT差。多重对应分析发现PLBW与喂养指数低、生长发育水平低、母亲文化程度低以及其家庭收入低对应并有较强关联；NT与喂养指数中等及以上、生长发育水平中等、母亲教育程度中等及以上、家庭收入中等及以上对应并有较强关联。结论：中国西部两县的婴幼儿类别、喂养指数、婴幼儿生长发育指标与婴幼儿家庭因素这些变量的不同层次有明显的对应关系并有较强的关联性；多重对应分析能够较好地揭示各变量间直观的联系，是探索多个分类变量间关联性的重要工具，其结果可用二维图形来表达，本研究为西部农村婴幼儿喂养分类指导提供了理论依据。

Correlation between feeding index and growth development of 6-36 month-old infants in two counties of western China by applying multiple correspondence analysis

Objective:To explore the correlation between feeding index and growth development status of infants from two counties of western China by applying the method of multiple correspondence analysis.Methods: Two sample counties were randomly selected from the ones that satisfied the research conditions in Shaanxi province and Chongqing in western China.In the study,472 premature/low birth weight infants(PLBW) and 461 normal term infants(NT) of 6-36 months from the two counties were investigated from September 2010 to November 2010.The SPSS 19.0 software was applied to analyze the data using general statistical analysis and multiple correspondence analysis.Results: In the two counties of western China,the proportion of infants with feeding index at the medium level was the highest,which was between 50% and 60%.In the PLBW group and the NT group,the proportion of low level of feeding index among 6-9 month-old infants was the highest,and the proportion was 33.3% for the PLBW group and 29.4% for the NT group.For both the PLBW group and the NT group,the distribution of feeding index among the different age groups showed significant difference(P<0.05).Among the infants with low level of feeding index,the growth development of the PLBW lay behind that of the NT.We could see a catching-up trend of the PLBW with medium or good level of feeding index,but their growth development index was still at a lower level than that of the NT with the same level of feeding condition.Through multiple correspondence analyses,the outcomes of PLBW corresponded and strongly correlated with low level of feeding index,low level of growth development index,mother’s low education degree and low annual family income.And the outcomes of NT corresponded and strongly correlated with medium/good level of feeding index,medium level of growth development status,mother’s medium/high education degree and medium/high level of annual family income.Conclusion: There are good correspondence correlations at different hierarchical levels of the infants’ group,feeding index,growth development index and family factors in the two counties of western China.Multiple correspondence analysis could directly reveal the correlation among several variables,which is a suitable method for categorical data.The result can be illustrated directly through a two-dimensional graph and could provide the suggestion of feeding practice for different infants in western rural China.