海洛因依赖者脱毒后不同时间对其心理症状的影响

目的:研究海洛因依赖者脱毒后不同时间对其心理症状的影响。方法:用SCL-90症状量表对住所不同时段的吸毒者进行评定,计算SCL-90症状10项因子在各戒毒月数分类组的均值和标准差,用单因素方差分析方法,对SCL-90症状10项因子在戒毒月数分类组间进行多重比较。结果:躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性、睡眠饮食障碍在戒毒1月组与戒毒2月组、3～6月组、半年以上组和精神病性、睡眠饮食障碍在戒毒2月组与戒毒半年以上组因子均分比较,有显著差异(P<0.05);人际关系敏感、恐怖、偏执在戒毒1月组与戒毒3～6月组、半年以上组因子均分比较,有显著差异(P<0.05);强迫症状在戒毒1月组与戒毒3～6月组、半年以上组和戒毒2月组与戒毒半年以上组因子均分比较,有显著差异(P<0.05);敌对在戒毒1月组与戒毒3～6月组因子均分比较,有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:⑴缓解躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性、睡眠饮食障碍需要戒毒2个月;⑵缓解强迫症状、人际关系敏感、恐怖、偏执需要戒毒3个月以上;⑶缓解敌对需要3～6个月,在康复中,某些心理应激因素会使戒毒者产生敌对等情绪。

Relationship between Detoxification Time and Mental Symptoms of Heroin Addicts

Objective: To study the relationship between detoxification time and the mental symptoms of heroin addicts. Methods: SCL-90 scales were used to assess the mental symptoms in heroin addicts in different periods of detoxification. Results: There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in somatization, depression, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, phobias and paranoia among the 1-month group, 2-month group, 3-6-month group and over 6-month group. Psychosis and sleeping-diet disorders showed significant differences between groups of 2-month and over 6-month groups. There are significant differences in obsessional symptoms among the 1-month group, 2-month group, 3-6 month group, and over 6-month group. Hostility shows differences between the 1-month group and the 3-6-month group. Mean scores in the over 6-month group in interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility are higher than those in the 3-6-month group. Conclusion: (1) 2 months are needed to recover from somatization, depression, anxiety, psychosis and sleeping-diet disorders. (2) 3 months are needed to recover from obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, phobias and paranoia. (3) 3-6 months are needed to recover from hostility. Some mental stress factors can lead to hostility or other emotions in addicts in mental rehabilitation.