溴硝醇的致突变作用

目的研究常用化学添加抗菌剂溴硝醇的致突变性。方法通过CHL细胞染色体畸变试验、CHO细胞正向基因突变试验、Ames试验及小鼠骨髓微核试验等4个致突变生物学试验对溴硝醇进行致突变性研究。细胞染色体畸变试验,选用CHL细胞,设暴露浓度为30、10、5、2.5mg/L(-S9)和50、20、10、3mg/L(+S9)。正向基因突变试验,选用CHO细胞,设暴露浓度为20、10、5、2.5mg/L。Ames试验,选用TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102、TA1535菌株,暴露浓度为50、25、12.5、6.25、3.125μg/皿(+S9),30、15、7.5、3.75、1.875μg/皿(-S9)。小鼠骨髓微核试验,60只小鼠随机分成6组,雌雄各半,雄性小鼠染毒剂量为20、40、80mg/kg;雌性小鼠为25、50、100mg/kg。结果 CHL细胞染色体畸变试验结果显示,各剂量组溴硝醇诱发的染色体畸变率均≤4.5%,与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。正向基因突变试验结果显示,各剂量组溴硝醇对CHO细胞突变频率,与阴性对照比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Ames试验结果显示,各剂量组溴硝醇的回变菌落数均阴性对照组的自发回变菌落数的2倍,亦无剂量反应关系。小鼠骨髓微核试验结果显示,溴硝醇3个剂量组均未引起微核出现率增加。结论本研究条件下,溴硝醇无明显致突变作用。

Study on mutagenicity of bronopol

Objective To evaluate the mutagenicity of a common chemical additive bronopol. Methods In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test （CHL）, In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Test （CHO）, Bacterial Reverse Mutation As-say （Ames） and Mice Bone Marrow Micronucleus Test were conducted to evaluate the mutagenicity of bronopol. For In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Study, CHL cells were exposed to the test substance in presence （50,20,10,3 rag/L） and absence （30,10,5,2.5 mg/L）of S9. For In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Study, CHO cells were exposed to the test substance with the concentration of 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 mg/L. For Ames study, TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535 bacteria strains were exposed to the test substance in the presence （50,25,12.5,6.25 and 3. 125 μg/plate） and absence （30, 15,7.5,3.75 and 1. 875 μg/plate）of S9. For Mice Bone Marrow Micronucleus Study, 60 ICR mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups, with half males and half females in each group, which were exposed to test substance （20,40,80 mg/kg for males; 25,50,100 mg/kg for females） of bronopol. Results For In Vitro Mammalian chromosome Aberration Study, the chromo-some aberration rates of all dose groups were ≤4.5 %. no significant difference was observed compared to negative control group（P〉0.05）. For In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Study, there was no significant difference in mutation frequen-cy for all test groups compared to that of the negative control group（P〉0.05）. For Ames study, the number of revertant colo-nies of the test strains was less than two-fold of the negative control group regardless of bronopol dose. For Mice Bone Marrow Micronucleus Study, there was no significant increase in appearance rate of micronucleus compared to that of a negative con- trol. Conclusion Bronopol has no obvious mutagenicity under the test condition.